Ver. 1. The word of the Lord came also unto me.] It is the property of this prophet to handle the same thing several ways, and by sundry effectual arguments. God’s ministers must turn themselves, as it were, into all shapes and fashions, both of speech and spirit, to win people to God.
Ver. 2. Thou shalt not take thee a wife, &c.] It is very likely that this befell the prophet in a vision. Or, if otherwise, it was but for a sign, and in regard of the great calamity impendent, that he is here forbidden marriage, otherwise lawful enough, and in some cases necessary. The contrary doctrine (such as was that of the Tatian heretics and Popish canonists) is a doctrine of devils. (1 Timothy 4:1)
Ver. 3. For thus saith the Lord concerning the sons—born in this place,] i.e., At Anathoth, say some; but others better, at Jerusalem. So great and grievous shall be the calamity, that married people shall be ready to wish, as Augustus did for another cause, Utinam aut caelebs vixissem, aut orbus periissem, Oh that either I had lived single, or else died childless!
Ver. 4. They shall die of grievous deaths.] Heb., Death of diseases or grievances, as did Jehoram, (2 Chronicles 21:18) and Philip II of Spain, &c.; they shall die piecemeal, morte valetudinariorum, by death of the sickrooms, which is a misery, especially if the disease be slow, and yet sharp, as some are. They shall not be lamented nor buried.] Which are two of the usual dues of the dead.
Ver. 5. Enter not into the house of mourning.] Or banquets, whether at burials or bridals. [as Amos 6:7] Of funeral banquets, see Deuteronomy 26:14. These the Greeks called περιδειπνα, the Latins Parentalia. See Jeremiah 16:7.
Ver. 6. Both the great and the small shall die.] Princes and peasants, lords and lowlies together. Nor cut themselves, nor make themselves bald.] Neque caedetur neque calvabitur. This they had learned of the heathen, and would needs use it, though flatly forbidden them. (Leviticus 19:27,28 Deuteronomy 14:1) Now they were told that they should have little either lust or leisure to do any such matter.
Ver. 7. Neither shall men tear themselves for them.] Or, Neither shall they deal them bread in mourning to comfort any for the dead. Compare Ezekiel 24:17. Of feasting at funerals mention is made by Herodotus, Cicero, Lucian, Pliny, Clement, and Chrysostom. See Jeremiah 16:5. Neither shall men give them the cup of consolation,] i.e., The consolatory cup, usually given at funerals to the disconsolate friends of the deceased. See on Proverbs 31:6,7.
Ver. 8. Thou shall not also go into the house of feasting.] Ministers may lawfully go to feasts, (John 2:1,2) but not in times of common calamity. See Isaiah 22:12-14. Pliny telleth us that when in the time of the second Punic war, one Fulvius Argentarius was seen at Rome looking out at a window with a rose garland on his head, the senate sent for him, laid him in prison, and would not suffer him to come forth till the war was at an end. Lib. ii. cap. 7.
Ver. 9. Behold, I will cause to cease.] See Jeremiah 7:34. [See Trapp on “Jer 7:34”]
Ver. 10. And they shall say unto thee, Wherefore?] This is still the guise of hypocrites, to justify themselves, and quarrel the preacher that reproveth them. See Jeremiah 5:19. What is our iniquity?] Nature showeth no sin; it is no causeless complaint of a grave divine, that some deal with their souls as others do with their bodies. When their beauty is decayed, they desire to hide it from themselves by false glasses, and from others by painting; so their sins from themselves by false glosses, and from others by excuses.
Ver. 11. Because your fathers.] See Jeremiah 2:5 7:24,25.
Ver. 12. And ye have done worse.] See Jeremiah 7:26. For, behold, ye walk.] See Jeremiah 9:13,11:8 13:10.
Ver. 13. Therefore I will cast you.] Jeremiah 10:18. Because ye have sinned wilfully and willingly, ye shall be cast out of this land, though full sore against your wills. And there shall ye serve other gods.] Will ye nill ye (for a just punishment of your voluntary idolatries); being compelled by your imperious enemies so to do, except ye will taste of the whip, as now the Turks’ galley slaves. Where I will not show you favour.] This was a cutting speech, and far worse than their captivity; like as that was a sweet promise, “They shall be as if I had not cast them off, and I will hear them.” (Zechariah 10:6) Notatur poena talionis.
Ver. 14. Therefore. behold.] Or, Notwithstanding, scil., these grievous threatenings and extreme desolations. Thus the Lord still remembereth his remnant, and the covenant made with them. Ministers also must comfort the precious, as well as threaten the vile and vicious. Evangelizatum, non maledictum missus es: laudo zelum, modo non desideretur mansuetudo, said Oecolampadius to Farellus in a certain epistle—Thou wert sent to preach gospel, and not law only; to pour off as well as wine into wounded consciences. I commend thy zeal, so it be tempered with “meekness of wisdom.” That it shall no more be said,] i.e., Not so much be said: the lustre of this deliverance shall in some sort dim the lustre of that, but both must be perpetually celebrated.
Ver. 15. But the Lord liveth, &c.] Or, “Let the Lord live, and let the God of our salvation be exalted.” (Psalms 18:46) [See Trapp on “Ps 18:46”] How much more, then, should our redemption from sin, death, and hell by Jesus Christ obscure all temporal deliverance! See for this Jeremiah 23:7,8 cf. Jer 3:16.
Ver. 16. Behold, I will send for many fishers, &c.] scil., To enclose in their αμφιβληστορα, large and capacious nets, whole shoals of them together. These were the Chaldees, whom God sent for, arcano instinctu cordium, by putting it into their hearts to come up against Jerusalem. Howbeit, some by fishers understand the Egyptians, who lived much by fishing, and by hunters the Chaldeans. [as Genesis 10:8,9] And they shall hunt them.] Out of all their starting holes and lurking places, as the Romans afterwards pulled them out of their secret places, &c.
Ver. 17. For mine eyes are upon all their ways.] And though they hide me from themselves, yet can they not hide themselves from me possibly, nor from my hunters, who shall ferret them out.
Ver. 18. And first,] i.e., Before I restore them. I will recompense their iniquity and their sin double,] i.e., Abundantly. I will have my full pennyworths of them; not double to their deserts, [as Isaiah 40:2 60:1] With the careases,] i.e., With their idolatries, more odious and loathsome than any stinking carcases can be. Poenarum abunde. -Jun.
Ver. 19. My refuge.] Better than those of the fugitive Jews, out of which they were hunted and murdered. The Gentiles shall come to thee.] By faith and repentance.
Ver. 20. Should a man make gods to himself?] Nonne res haec stupore digna? Is not this a strange sottishness? The Gentiles here see it, and yet the Papists will not.
Ver. 21. I will for this once.] And “this once” shall stand for all. Affliction shall not rise up the second time. (Nahum 1:9) And I will make them to know.] Effectu magis quam affectu. Effecting more than affecting. My hand and my might,] i.e., My mighty hand, mine irresistible power in their just punishment.