XLIII. Mandates by Edward VI. for Subscription to the Articles of 15521, 1. The King’s Mandate to the Bishop of Norwich, sent with the Articles to be
subscribed by the Clergy
By the King.
Rigur reverend father in God, right trusty and well-beloved, we greet you pt. well And because it hath pleased Almighty God in this latter time of the world, after long darkness of knowledge, to reveal to this his church of England, whereof we 18%. have under Christ the chief charge in earth, a sincere knowledge of the gospel, to s the inestimable benefit of us and our people, redeemed by our Saviour Christ: we Ecc, have thought it meet and our duty, for the pure conservation of the same gospel in i our church, with one uniform profession, doctrine, and preaching, and for the avoiding Pul of many perilous and vain opinions and errors, to send unto you certain Articles, devised and gathered with great study, and by counsel and good advice of the greatest ^ learned part of our bishops of this realm, and sundry others of our clergy; which Articles we will and exhort yourself to subscribe, and in your preachings, readings, and teachings to observe, and cause to be subscribed and observed of all other, which do, or hereafter shall preach, or read, within your diocese. And if any person or persons, having benefice within your diocese, shall from henceforth not only refuse wilfully to set their hands to these Articles, but also obstinately exhort their parochians to withstand the same, and teach the people in a contrary way; our pleasure is, that, being duly proved, ye shall advertise us, or our council, of the whole matter fully, to the intent such further order may by direction from us, or our said council, be taken, as the case shall require, and shall stand with justice and the order of our laws. And further, that when and as often as ye shall have any manner of person presented unto you to be admitted by you as the ordinary to any ecclesiastical order, ministry, office, or cure within your diocese, that ye shall, before you admit him, confer with him in every these Articles; and finding him thereto consenting, to cause him to subscribe the same in one ledger book to be formed for that purpose, which may remain as a register for a concord, and to let him have a copy of the same Articles. And if any men in that case shall refuse to consent to any of the said Articles, and to subscribe the same, then we will and command you, that neither ye, nor any for you, or by your procurement in any wise shall admit him, or allow him as sufficient and meet to take any order, ministry, or ecclesiastical cure. For which your so doing we shall discharge you from all manner of penalties, or dangers of actions, suits, or pleas of premunires, quare impedit, or such like. And yet our meaning is, that if any party refuse to subscribe any of these Articles for lack of learning and knowledge of the truth, ye shall in that case by teaching, conference, and proof of the same by the scriptures, reasonably and discreetly move and persuade him thereto, before you shall peremptorily judge him as unable and a recusant. And for the trial of his conformity, ye shall, according to your discretion, prefix a time and space convenient to deliberate and give his consent, so that be betwixt three weeks and six weeks from the time of the first access unto you. And if after six weeks he will not consent and agree willingly to subscribe, then ye may lawfully, and shall in any wise, refuse to admit or enable him. And where there is of late set forth by our authority a catechism for the instruction of young scholars in the fear of Godand the true knowledge of his holy religion, with express commandment from us to all schoolmasters to teach and instruct their scholars the said catechism, making it the beginning and first foundation of their teaching in their schools; our pleasure is, that for the better execution of our said commandment, ye shall yearly at the least once visit, or cause to be visited, every school within your said diocese; in which visitation it shall be inquired both how the schoolmaster of every such school hath used himself in the teaching of the said catechism, and also how the scholars do receive and follow
[[’ Vid. Letter CCCVIT. p. 440. The above mandate is printed from Burnet; whose copy in some]
[respects differs verbally from that in Strype.]]
the same; making plain and full certificate of the offenders contrary to this our order, and of their several offences, to the archbishop of that province, within the months from time to time after every such offence. Yeoven under our signet, at the manor of Grenewich, the rxth day of June, the vith year of our reign. 2. A Mandate in King Edwards name to the officers of the Archbishop of Canterbury; requiring them to see that the Articles of Religion should be subscribed. Mandatum pro publicatione nonnullorum Articulorum, veram Christi fidem con-
cernentium
Epwanpus Sextus, Dei gratia, Angli», et Francie, et Hiberni] Rex, Fidei Defensor, et in terra ecclesie Anglicanz et Hibernie supremum caput, dilectis sibi officiali curize Cantuar et decano decanatus de arcubus Londin’ ac eorum surrogatis, deputatis aut locum tenentibus, uni vel pluribus, salutem. — Quoniam nuper, per literas nostras regias, signeto nostro obsignatas, reverendissimo in Christo patri, consiliario nostro fidelissimo, Thome Cantuariensi archiepiscopo, totius Anglie primati et metropolitano, dederimus in mandatis, quatenus ipse, ad Dei optimi maximi gloriam illustrandam, nostrumque et ecclesie nostre Anglicane (cujus caput supremum post Christum esse dignoscimur) honorem, et ad tollendam opinionis dissensionem, et consensum verz religionis firmandum, nonnullos articulos, et alia rectam Christi fidem spirantia, clero et populo nostris ubilibet infra suam jurisdictionem degentibus, pro parte nostra exponeret, publicaret, denunciaret, et significaret; prout in literis nostris (quarum tenores pro hic insertis habere volumus) latius continetur et describitur: vobis igitur, et eorum cuilibet, tenore presentium, districte precipiendo nostra sublimi regia auctoritate mandamus, quatenus moneatis monerive faciatis peremptorie, omnes et singulos rectores, vicarios, presbyteros, stipendiarios, curatos, plebanos, ministros, ludimagistros cujuslibet schole grammatices, aut aliter vel alias grammaticam aperte vel privatim profitentes, aut pubem instituentes, verbi Dei praedicatores vel pralectores, necnon quoscunque alios quamcunque aliam functionem ecclesiasticam (quocunque nomine aut appellatione censetur, habetur, aut nuncupatur) obtinentes et habentes, ceconomos quoque cujuslibet parochi infra decanatum de arcubus praedictum existentes aut degentes; quod ipsi omnes, et eorum quilibet, per se compareant vel compareat personaliter, coram dicto reverendissimo patre Cantuar archiepiscopo, in aula @dium suarum apud Lambehithe, die Veneris vicesimo tertio die presentis mensis Junii, inter horas septimam et nonam, ante meridiem ejusdem diei, his quae tunc iis ex parte nostra fuerint significanda humiliter obtemperaturi, facturique ulterius et recepturi, quod consonans fuerit rationi, ac suo convenerit erga nostram regiam dignitatem officio; mandantes, quatenus dictis die, loco, et horis, eundem reverendissimum, de executione hujus regii nostri mandati, una cum nominibus et cognominibus omnium et singulorum per vos monitorum, rite, recte, et auctentice reddatis certiorem, una cum presentibus uti decet. Teste Thoma Cant archiepiscopo praedicto, decimo nono die Junii, anno regni nostri septimo.
Certificatorium factum super Executione Mandati praedicti
ReveERrENDIssIMO in Christo patri et domino, domino Thome, permissione divina, Can-tuariensi archiepiscopo, totius Anglie primati et metropolitano; auctoritate illustrissimi in Christo principis, et domini nostri domini Edwardi Sexti, Dei gratia, Anglis, Francie, et Hibernie regis, fidei defensoris, ac in terra ecclesi». Anglicane et Hibernice supremi capitis, sufficienti auctoritate fulcito, Johannes Gibbon civilium legum professor, vestrae celsitudinis observantissimus, pariter eidem addictissimus, decanatus vestr’ beat: Marie virginis de arcubus London commissarius, omnem qua decet reverentiam et obedientiam tanto reverendissimo patri debitam cum honore. Mandatum illustrissimi et potentissimi domini nostri regis, presentibus annexum, nuper accepimus, cujus vigore pariter et auctoritate omnes et singulos rectores, presbyteros, &c. Dat vicesimo secundo die mensis Junii, anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo tertio.
XLIV. Pole, Cardinal Legate, to Archbishop Cranmer, in answer to the letter
he had sent to the Queen’
Arnwianry God the Father, by the grace of his only Son, God and man, that died for AP: our sins, may give you true and perfect repentance. This I daily pray for myself, ka, being a sinner; but, I thank God, never obstinate sinner. And the same grace the more earnestly I do pray for to be given to them that be obstinate, the more need they have thereof, being otherwise past all man’s cure and admonition to save them: as your open sayings, in open audience, doth shew of you. Which hath caused, that those judges, that hath sit upon the examination of your grievous faults, seeing no likelihood of any repentance in you, hath utterly cast away all hope of your recovery: whereof doth follow the most horrible sentence of condemnation, both of your body and soul, both your temporal death and eternal. Which is to me so great an horror to hear, that if there were any way, or mean, or fashion, that I might find to remove you from error, bringing you to the knowledge of the truth, for your salvation; this I testify to you afore God, upon the salvation of mine own soul, that I would rather choose to be that mean, that you might receive this benefit by me, than to receive the greatest benefit for myself, that can be given under heaven in this world: I esteem so much the salvation of one soul.
And because it happened to me to see your private letters directed to the queen’s highness, sent by the same unto me, wherein you utter and express such apparent reasons, that cause you to swerve from the rest of the church in these articles of the authority of the pope, and of the sacrament of the altar, concluding with these words: “That if any man can shew you by reason, that the authority of the pope be not prejudicial to the wealth of the realm, or that your doctrine in the sacrament be erroneous, then you would never be so perverse to stand wilfully in your own opinion; but shall with all humility submit yourself to the truth in all things, and gladly embrace the same:” these your words, written in that letter, giveth me some occasion, desiring your wealth, not utterly to despair thereof; but to attempt to recover you by the same way that you open unto me: which is, by reason to shew you the error of your opinion, and withal the light of the truth in both causes. But whether this may help you indeed, or bring you to revoke the same with true repentance, this I know not; and I fear much the contrary; for that I see the ground and beginning, how you fell into error in both these articles, not to be of that sort that maketh men commonly to fall into errors and heresies. Which sort and way is, by meddling with your wit and discourse natural, to examine the articles of the faith; making your reason judge thereof, which ought to be judged and ruled by the tradition of the faith: which abuse causeth men daily to fall into errors and heresies. And the same also is in you, and is joined with that you have done. But here standeth not the ground of your error; nor yet in this other common manner of falling from the truth, which St Paul noteth in the Gentiles, and is in all men commonly that followeth their sensual appetites, qui veritatem. Dei in injustitia detinent: which thing also hath been occasion of your error. But yet not this is the very ground thereof, but a further fault: that you giving your oath to the truth, you mocked with the same, as the Jews mocked with Christ, when they saluted him saying, Ave Rex Judworum, and afterwards did crucify him. For so did you to the vicar of Christ, knowledging the pope of Rome by the words of your oath to be so, and in mind intending to crucify the same authority; whereof came the plague of deep ignorance and blindness unto you: which is now that bringeth you to this grievous peril, to perish both body and soul. From which peril no reason can deliver you.
But you discovering yourself, touching the entry, when you should make the customable oath of all legitimate bishops in Christendom, which is the door for you to enter to the service of God, in the highest spiritual office within this realm, and seeing you made the same but for a countenance, nothing meaning to observe that you promised by the oath; this is a door that every thief may enter by. This is not the door that they enter by, that mean earnestly the service of God. Wherein the prophet’s sentence is
[Vid. p. 454, n. 5.]]
plain, asking this question, Quis ascendet in montem Domini? aut quis stabit in loco sancto ejus 2 And then answering to the same saying, imnocens manibus, et mundo corde, qui non accepit in vano animam, suam, nec juravit in dolo proximo suo. Hee est. generatio quarentium Dominum, querentium faciem Dei Jacob. So that you now entering to the mountain of God, which was to that high archbishoprick, and to the primacy in the realm, by a clean contrary way, which is, as you confess yourself, by a feigned oath, by fraud, and dissimulation; what more plain sentence can be against you, if you have a thousand reformations in your mind, than that all this doth not make that this should be the way to the true service of God, nor that you, using a false oath, should be of that generation, which with their heart sought God, but utterly concludeth against you, that if those that abstain from all deceit with their neighbour, specially in oath, be blessed of God, he that confesseth to have used such dissimulation in his oath, not with one neighbour or twain, but with the whole realm, with the whole church, what can he receive, but the malediction of God? What can more evidently shew that man to be none of that generation that seeketh God? As, if there were none other proof, that followed in your acts, such a deceitful and shameful entry doth manifestly declare: and most of all, one of the first acts you did after this; which was to pluck the rest of the realm (of whom you had chief cure) out of the house of God, bringing them forthwith into the schism.
And that we see now, that the whole realm by the high mercy of God being brought into the house of God again, there to receive his grace and benediction; and this to be done by those princes, and those ministers, qui non acceperunt in vano animam, suam, nec juraverunt in dolo pvoximo suo; your person yet remaining without, deprived of the grace granted to them; what doth this shew, but that it is the just sentence of God against you, for your deceitful entry into his service; and the mercy of God toward them, that not willingly went forth, but by your traiterous means were thrust out?
So that here now I have told you, whether you hear me, or no, the very cause of your blindness and ignorance: which is the vengeance of God against you for your dissimulation and perjury to him and to the whole church, at your entering to the high service thereof. “Whereby you have deserved to be cast out of the house of God, which is the church, in tenebras exteriores, ubi est fletus et stridor dentium. Which is the place and state wherein I see you now lie; and the same I saw so evidently in your letters, from the beginning to the end, as nothing can be more plain: you shewing yourself in the same to be so ignorant, that you know not those things which be evident to every man; which every man, that hath any exterior light, by experience and knowledge of things past, doth know..
Here much is wanting
that be once of the church as dead bodies, when the spirit is out. But to all that be within the body of the church, this giveth comfort and life, as the spirit doth to the body. And this shall be sufficient to say for every man’s information of the truth in this matter, that will believe, either that old or late experience, or the continual doctrine of the whole church, hath taught in every christian realm: whereof none ever found this fault, that the pope’s laws spiritual were not to be exercised, because the same could not agree with their politic laws; but rather found fault, when the pope himself, or his ministers, did let the course of those laws, which agreed with every politic body, as the soul of man with all complexions and form of body. And when they were stopped, then seemed to be stopped the breath and life of justice, as no realm can give (as I said before) greater or surer testimony than ours. For when the authority and laws of the pope did flourish in the realm, all justice flourished withal; and, that stopped and cast out, as it was these latter years, all good justice and civil manner of living was stopped and cast forth withal. So that, when you came first to marvel of a thing never seen nor heard of afore in this realm, that a bishop, made by the pope’s authority, should not be deposed without his authority; what doth this shew, but a deep blindness and ignorance of the use of the law in this realm, ever continual, and never broken of any just prince, until you yourself were made bishop; which helped them to break all good laws and customs of the realm; and then afterward to make this for a great reason, that the pope’s laws should not be
now again admitted? for then, you say, all the whole realm that cast out his authority, must needs acknowledge themselves accursed: which God, you say, forfend. And this you shew you cannot abide for nothing by any manner, that the realm should knowledge themself accursed: which they cannot, you say, avoid, if they admit the pope’s law as good. This word you should have said afore the realm had cast forth the pope’s authority, for to have letted them from their fall into the curse; and this had been the very part of a good bishop. But after that they were fallen from the laws, which they had admitted afore, and thereby run into the curse, (which you say cannot be avoided of them that hath once admitted them,) then I with all good and catholic men do say, God forfend they after this should not knowledge their state to be accursed. Which if they did not, they could never be absolved from the curse. And he that forbiddeth now the knowledge of the same, doth in effect procure that, being accursed indeed, they remain ever accursed. This is your monstrous and blind love you pretend to bear to the realm, being accursed yourself, and blinded in the knowledge of your state, to have the whole realm remain still accursed. But the true affection these two catholic princes bear to the realm, with the blood of those that resisted the swerving from the pope’s authority, hath obtained of the high mercy of God, that the whole realm hath with repentance knowledged their evil state they stood in since the leaving of the authority of the pope in the realm, and with repealing of those laws, made contrary, have asked absolution, and received it, and be delivered of all curse, received into the grace of God, and brought into the church’s lap again; they only left out, that doth refuse this grace, and hath not so much grace to accept it. Whereof if any should be deprived, none hath deserved it more by the just wrath of God to be deprived, than he that was chief doer to make the realm leave it, as you; by shewing yourself in this to be the very member of Satan, both then, but most of all now: which, deprived of grace of repentance himself, would draw all other to his damnation, and dissuadeth all return to grace.
This your charity you now shew to your country, which, as I said hitherto, is very vengeance of God toward you. Of the which this great blindness giveth a great testimony, that you shew in your letter, writing of these things, as though you had never knowledge what had been done in the realm afore your time, nor what was the state of your time, nor yet what is the state of the realm at this present; bringing for a great inconvenient, that if the parliament should accept the laws of the pope, they should be constrained to repeal those that were done against his laws and authority: as though this were not so done already. And shewing so great ignorance, both touching the doctrine of the church, and in this point touching the pope’s authority, and the experience of the custom of the realm, yet you conclude, that ignorance might excuse other men, how prejudicial the canon laws be to the wealth of the realm, if they would accept the same. But you cannot be excused by ignorance. And seeing in this the very truth, that ignorance cannot excuse you, as in truth it cannot, being of that kind it is. But if that do not excuse you, then malice doth condemn you: which is the very cause to bring you to ignorance inexcusable, both in this point of the authority of the pope, as in the doctrine of the sacrament; wherein it is no less monstrous. And this you shew most, where you think to speak with less obstinacy; as where you say, that “if they that follow the pope’s doctrine herein could bring in but one old ancient doctor of the church of their opinion, you have offered afore, as you offer yet, to give place unto them, and to consent to the same.” What a proof is this to shew your profound blindness! If there be no let but this, because you see not of the old doctors at the least one, that were against your opinion, in the defence of the pope’s doctrine, other men seeing so many, and not one ancient approved doctor that ever dissented; what a wonderful blindness is this, not to see one against you! For this is plain, when the pope sheweth his sense and doctrine in this article, he doth not speak thereof, as of an article that he himself hath newly found, nor yet any of his predecessors, but that all hath uniformly received one of another of their fathers, unto the apostles time, and they of Christ. “Which argument is so strong, so evident to the condemnation of your opinion and confirmation of the pope’s, that many sage and learned men, writing against the opinion you follow, being divers sorts of arguments to confound the same, set apart all form of reasoning, and only stick upon the testimony and uniform
consent of all the old doctors of the church to this day. Which testimonies be so many, that they fill up great books; as, amongst other, my lord of Durham at this present, in his book written of this matter, taketh this way, to ground himself most upon, the perpetual consent of the old doctors, continuing unto this age: and all against your opinion, Which book is abroad, and hath been seen of you.
Then if ye will think him of so small judgment or knowledge, that in such a number as he bringeth there is not one that maketh to his purpose, but all for your purpose, whom he intendeth to oppugn, either this must prove a wonderful blindness in him, and not in him alone, but in so many learned men, that taketh the same way; or else in you, that amongst so many testimonies, some more clearer than some, not to see so much as one alone: this is an evident proof that ye be stark blind. For if ye were not, if it were but one brought forth unto you, as is mentioned in that book, the condemnation of Berengarius, that was of your opinion; and that done by a general council of all the nations in Christendom; grounding itself upon the uniform doctrine of their forefathers; were not this enough, if you had eyes to see, to shew that more than one old doctor were of the pope’s doctrine? And if this be not sufficient proof unto you, the same being enough to Berengarius himself, which was converted thereby, and persuaded to recant his opinion; what doth this shew, but that he was not utterly blinded, but that he saw some testimony against him, you utterly to have lost all sight, that see not so much as one?
But of this your monstrous blindness I marvel the less, the more I see the same to proceed of the very justice and wrath of God against you; with whom you mocking on that manner as you shewed in coming in such a high place, in service of the church, as was to be archbishop and primate of the realm, as to swear in dolo, not only proxzimo, but universe ecclesie; willing afterward to pervert the old order of the church, which you called a reformation, meseemeth to hear the very words and curse of St Paul, that lighted upon the false prophet Barjesu, letting the course of the doctrine evangelical preached by him, when he then cursing him said: O plene omni malo, et omni fallacia, fili diaboli, inimice omnis justitice, non desinis pervertere vias Domini rectas? Kt ecce nunc manus Domini super te, et eris cecus, non videns solem, usque ad tempus. The effect of this I do see hath lighted upon you, for entering by deceit to be a chief doctor in the church, perverting vias Domini rectas, to be blinded, I pray God it be but ad tempus. But hitherto I have not known a more deeper blindness. And if that was punishment of that false prophet, to lose his corporal sight for a time, that, being an infidel, for very ignorance did put obstacle to the very true doctrine of the faith never heard of afore, to be blinded corporally for a time; you that first knew the doctrine, and preached the same, which afterward you do pervert, if you were stricken with a greater and more notable blindness, the which you shew now, this is evident to come of the very hand of God, which man’s hand cannot heal, but only the hand of God, that justly punished you therewithal. And the sorer and more desperate cure is of this your blindness, the more you acquit yourself therein: as though you had a great gift of light above all other. For so you shew in your letters, persuading yourself to have found a way in teaching the doctrine of the sacrament of the altar, that other hath not seen: which is to take away the absurdity both to the sense and reason of man, that is in the catholic doctrine, touching the sacrament of the altar, as you say, in that form of bread and wine to be the very true real presence of the body of Christ, and that it is his body and blood that is shewed in the form of bread and wine, what reason will admit this? What sense? And how much probable were this, if this doctrine were taught as you teach it, to say, that you see in the form of bread and wine, is a figure only of the body of Christ that is in heaven; whom in spirit in that figure you do honour. “This manner no doubt were more probable saying to the ears of men that judge things either by reason or by sense. But the more probable it is, the more false it is; the great sophister and father of all lies ever deceiving us by probability of reason, proponing ever that which is more agreeable to the sense, but the true doctrine of Christ is taught by another way.
Here is another. deficiency
being fallen therein not so much for fault or abuse of reason, as by malice against reason. And such, I say, no hand can cure, no reason, no discourse; but only that it please the
high mercy of God, that doth chastise your malicious handling of the truth with such ignorance and darkness, to withdraw his hand of vengeance upon you: for otherwise you hearing reason, and seeing some light thereof, yet you have not so much grace as to receive it nor follow it.
This is the thing I greatly fear in you, having knowledge of your proceeding since your first notable error in rejecting the doctrine of the pope’s supremacy, and afterward of the sacrament; which, as I said afore, was not after the common manner of falling, as other did, by curiosity, or by frailty, but by deliberate malice, to forsake the truth in both points, to satisfy your carnal appetites, to the which your dissembling first, and mocking with the truth, and afterward openly forsaking the same, did serve you. Which as yet you do not knowledge: and this must be the first thing that you should knowledge, making open confession with repentance thereof, if you shall ever come to receive any fruit of the mercy of God.
So that if I now, that desire your recover, should go about by way of discourse or argument to bring you from your error to the truth, this must be the first point, to shew how you fell into the same darkness, to the intent that God so much remitting his hand of justice, that you may see your abomination in abusing the truth, you might knowledge by fear the justice of God in letting you fall into so great darkness; and by the hope of his infinite mercy call to him for grace to be restored to some light of his infallible verity. And this I with all my heart praying for you, in the mean season, until God give you the grace to do the same for yourself, shall withal open unto you the manner of your fall.
Touching your first article of the pope’s authority, which I need not open any further than you have opened yourself, nor cannot better express it, than you have set 1t forth, I having no knowledge thereof, but by your own saying and writing, for defence of perjury cbjected to you. And now mark you well, if you have any sense of knowledge left unto you to see yourself and your own deeds, if ever there were heard such kind of a defence, in any perjury of any man, that had left him any light of reason or knowledge of justice. Which for to know, first you must be put in remembrance of the kind of your oath, and the manner of making thereof. The kind was such, that it was no new oath, but the very same that all archbishops of Canterbury, which be primates of this realm, all archbishops and bishops in every christian realm, doth accustomable make to the. pope’s holiness, as to the vicar of Christ in earth, swearing to him obedience: such was your oath. And as touching the manner of making of it, none could be more solemn; being made in the hand of a bishop, with the testimony and assistance of other bishops, openly in the church, in the presence of as much people as the church could hold; at such time as you, arrayed with the sacred vesture of a bishop, came afore the altar to be consecrated archbishop. All this you cannot, nor do not deny; nor yet that, after all this solemn and open oath, you did directly and openly against the same. Which must necessarily condemn you of perjury.
But this necessary consequence you deny; granting notwithstanding, to have done contrary to the oath. But you say for your defence, that where you went to make the oath, even then you never thought to observe it.” And lest this should be an inconvenient, and a thing much damageous unto your fame and estimation, if it were not well known, that you swore one thing in the most solemn fashion you could, and meant another; here you bring such a testimony by writing: you bring forth a privy protestation, made with privy witnesses, having the hand and sign of the notary, to prove that when you went to make that solemn oath, you were nothing minded to observe it. Which former protestation, whereto doth it serve, but to testify a double perjury, which is to be forsworn afore you did swear? Other perjurers be wont to break their oath after they have sworn, you break it afore. Quis sapiens et intelliget hec, et intelliget malitiam Satane? And a wonderful aggravation of the wrath of God towards you.
But let the malice of Satan be first considered, in deluding you, when you thought to delude other. This delusion was this: that because it had been heard some protestations to be made, also of some good men, in a case when they not being at their own choice and liberty, when per vim et metum, qui aliquando cadit in constantem. virum, they be made to swear to that which afterward they have done contrary to their former oath; in
which case a protestation, excusing the will, and alleging the fear, hath some colour of defence: this, I say, you hearing, and Satan putting you in remembrance hereof, with the similitude of this deluded you; making you believe, that such a kind of protestation might serve for a premeditate perjury. Whereunto you were not driven, neither ei, nor metu, as you were not in this your case: except you call that a just fear, that you did see, if you did not swear, you could not satisfy your ambition and covetousness in having the bishoprick. For so it was, leave you these two affections, care ye not for to be made bishop; and who did constrain you to swear? Were ye not by that refuse quite delivered of all necessity to swear? This also ye cannot deny. Whereunto therefore serveth your protestation made by the hand of a notary, but to make your privy perjury more notoriously known, but to make it known to the world, that you entering to the rule of a part of the flock of Christ, you entered not in by the door; and not entering by the door, but aliunde, what comfort could your flock look for to have by you, but that which Christ saith to follow of those, qui non intrant per ostium, sed aliunde, to be stealers and thieves, qui non intrant nisi ut mactent et perdant; as the effect hath shewed by you?
But here you deceive yourself again, and would deceive other, making your defence of your simulate oath, that you did the same so, for the more service of God, having in your mind then to reform the church:” to the which being no way but to make that oath for a countenance, this you thought for such a purpose might be acceptable afore God: and also entering by the authority of the pope, called by him, that had authority to name you, then you think it cannot be justly of any man objected unto you, that you did not enter by the door. And this truly, if you could have kept your own counsel touching me, I durst not object the same unto you, seeing nothing outwardly but as that you were lawfully called and institute bishop; and of your inward I would not make myself judge.
More wanting here
and see, as is the first point in your letters; where you make a great marvel, saying “it to be a thing that was never seen in the realm, that, to condemn any subject thereof, justice should be sought of a foreign power, as is the pope’s.” How this is to be called a foreign power, I will declare afterward. For this I do not marvel, if you do not well know, not being so open to them that lacketh spiritual doctrine, nor of that ignorance I do not speak now, but of that outward light and knowledge, which is open to every man by experience. The which you not knowing, it may be well said, you be cast in tenebras exteriores, and that you have lost both interior and exterior knowledge of things. For so you shew in this case, where you say, “it was never seen in the realm, that to condemn any subject thereof to death, should be required any other sentence than that cometh from the imperial crown of the realm and their temporal laws.” Wherein that which I note first is this, that in that place you seem to lament, that being condemned already, as you say, by the laws of the realm, of high treason, this dilation is given to your death, not to suffer, afore all such things as be laid to your charge were first known at Rome, this being natural unto all that be in jeopardy of life, if they cannot hope by any just defence to extue the same, at the least to have time all desire, following that proverb, “in space cometh grace.” The which natural effect being extinct in you, this followeth withal, natural knowledge to be extinct, as in the proeme of your letter is more declared.
And now to come nearer to that you say was never seen, that any subject to be condemned, had need of any outward justice,” calling outward justice the canon laws, that come from the pope. To this I say, the experience and use of the laws, and justice in this realm, doth shew clean contrary to your marvel, that it was never seen in the realm, afore the time of your malicious oath, that there was ever any man condemned for the crime of heresies, by the mere justice that cometh from the temporal laws, but all were first declared to be such by the spiritual laws of the canons, which you call “foreign laws.” And this beside I say, afore that same time, of all other crimes, as treason and other, there was never spiritual man put to execution, according to the order of the laws of the realm, but he were first by the canon laws condemned, dis-
graded, and then given to the temporal hands. Whereof there be as many examples, afore the time of breaking the old order of the realm these last years, as hath been delinquents. Let all the records be seen; and specially this is notable of the bishop of —— —, which being imprisoned here for high treason, the king would not proceed to his condemnation and punishment, afore he had the pope’s bull given him.
And this is the trade of justice, which the king and queen use with you at this time, being condemned of treason, being consecrate bishop, to have the pope’s sentence from Rome afore you suffer: which manner of proceeding, you say, was never afore in the realm; and the practice and experience in like cases doth shew never to have been otherwise, afore the time of your notable perjury. And so catholic kings, as it pertaineth to the privilege of the see of Rome, when they be crowned, doth swear.
And now look what ignorance is this, to think that the like was never seen in the realm, when it was never seen otherwise amongst those princes, that were counted to be in the obedience of the laws of Christ, and of the church!
But now to come to that you speak of, the pope’s law and power, which after a seditious manner of speaking you call a foreign power:” this standeth under such a fashion, if God leave you so much sense to understand what I say, that the pope’s power can no more be called foreign power, coming not of man alone, but of him that is God and man, that was secundus homo de celo coelestis, than may be called a foreign power, that the soul of man, coming from heaven, hath in the body generate in earth. And so it is in the politic body of this realm, ruled with politic laws, founded by man’s reason, that be called temporal laws: to them coming the pope’s laws spiritual doth no other, but that the soul in the body, to give life to the same, to confirm and strengthen the same. And this is it the angel, speaking in Christ’s conception, and declaring what his authority should be, signified, saying, he should sit super domum David, which was a temporal reign, ut confirmet illud et corroboret. And so doth the spiritual laws, proceeding of his Spirit: as be the laws of the church, and canon laws. Which wheresoever they be well observed, doth this effect, ever to confirm and stablish the temporal laws of the realm: as no realm hath had more experience than this, ever since the time they received the faith and obedience of the pope; from whom came their doctrine of the faith. There was never notable trouble in the realm of any kind, if it dured any space, but it was ever lightly eased, and the realm established by some legate sent from the pope and the see of Rome, following the prescript of the canons and the spiritual law: without the which no realm can well be governed, but all be like to the thorn-bush; whereof it is written in libro judicum, when the Sichimites had chosen a tyranny over them, against the law of God, then it was prophesied unto them, what should come thereof, which was that fire should come forth of that thorn, which was their king, that should devour the people, and from the people, to burn him, as it was, and ever shall be, where mere temporal laws without spiritual doth rule. Which state may be compared to be like such a thorn, whereof fire doth come forth, to the destruction both of the governor and the people. And how the laws of the realm might be well likened to such a thorn, after that the spiritual authority was cast forth, the destruction of such a sort of men, of all degrees, both great and small, the great spoils that were taken, may give sufhcient proof to all them that hath any sense or remembrance of things so lately done.
And now coming again to the spiritual authority and law, to join itself with the temporal, this is like to the fire that Moses saw i» rubo; which gave light, and did not burn, nor never doth, when it is well used. And if it be not well used, the fault is in the persons, and not in the thing; as the fault is not in the temporal laws, when the prince doth abuse them; howbeit of their nature they be tanguam spine, as was also Moses’ law, sharp to which was mitigate; and so shall be in every when they be joined with the spiritual ought not to be called “foreign laws”
More here wanting
Non in probabilibus humane sapientie verbis, ne evacuetur Christi: as it should be in this case. For if this probability were followed, the slander of the cross should be void. For this were no slander to the Jews, to hear Christ honoured in a figure, they being
ever used to the same: nor it would seem so much foolish to the gentiles and infidels, after we had accepted Christ for God, to honour him in a figurative manner. But this being the counsel of Christ, to utter his great mystery in form that he should have it slander to both the Jews, that seek signs, and were used to be taught by figures; and also the gentiles, that stick upon the judgment of reason; the more probable you make it, the further you swerve from the true doctrine of Christ, and very true manner to teach it. And here may no new manner be taught. What a heinous pride is this, this doctrine passing a thousand year, and as many hundred beside as hath been since this sacrament was instituted, by the midst of the Jews and gentiles, with this slander and appearance of foolishness, never being found faulty in any one of the bishops and preachers of the word of God, that they confessed the real presence of the body of Christ in the sacrament of the altar; but all found faulty and condemned of heresy, which denied the same! And ever the doctrine of the presence, prevailing and triumphing above man’s reason or sense, may be capace of the same: which both God will have mortified and die utterly, when this mystery and meat of life is spoken and taken. For as that was the beginning of the destruction of man, when following the probability of reason, he would feed himself with meat prohibit unto him; so the counsel of God hath ordained this to be the beginning of the life of man, to take a sensible meat, wherein neither reason nor sense can find any probability, or make any judgment thereof,
But because I have entreated this part more largely in another epistle that I send unto you, wherein I shew that standing, as you do, without repentance of the manner of your entry to the service of the church, you could never be neither good scholar of this doctrine, and much less a master; I will now proceed no further to reason with you herein, knowing all to be in vain, and no help nor mean to recover you, but only prayer. Which with all my heart, as I would for mine own soul, I will not fail to use for you to him whom you have so greatly offended, as I never read of any bishop that ever was in the church. But the fountain of his mercy is never closed to them that will call for it: as mine own entire prayer is to the infinite mercy of God, that you may have the grace so to do; sending you for obtaining of that, his holy Spirit, qui condemnat mundum de peccato, de judicio, et de justitia: that, seeing first your sore condemnation, you may therewith be stirred with all humility and contrite heart to demand some comfort; which cannot be hoped of without your former condemnation of yourself. Whereunto to bring you, it hath caused me by writing to set forth so earnestly some part of your grievous offences afore you: willing you no less comfort, than I would to mine own soul.
And the same I say, concluding and ending, as I began: it may please the paternal love, that God beareth unto all sinners, for his sake, that being his only Son, God and man, died to pay their ransom, for to forgive you, and to deliver you ex ore leonis, which hath so devoured you, that if you be not plucked out as the prophet Amos saith of Israel, quomodo si eruat pastor duo crura aut extremum auriculw; Y say, if you be not plucked out by the ear, you be utterly undone both body and soul. “Which yet again, and ever, the infinite mercy of God may defend you from! Written in the court at St James’, the vi. of November, 1555.
Your very true comforter in God, you not refusing his grace
R. Pore. Car. Leg.
XLV. Processus contra Thomam Cranmer
RzvERENDISSIMO in Christo patri et domino, domino Jacobo miseracione divina tituli sancte Marie in via sacrosancte Romane ecclesie presbitero cardinali de Puteo nuncupato, causeque et causis ac partibus infrascriptis judice ac commissario a sanctissimo domino nostro papa specialiter deputato, seu alii vestro in hac parte surrogato sive surrogando cuicunque, vester humilis Jacobus, permissione divina Glocestrensis episcopus ac vestre reverendissime paternitatis, immo verius sanctissimi domini nostri pape vigore literarum
commissionalium presentibus annex commissarius sive subdelegatus sufficienter et legitime deputatus, omnimodas obediencias et reverencias tanto reverendissimo patri ac sedi apostolice debitas cum omni subjectionis honore. Ad noticiam vestram deducimus et deduci volumus, vestreque reverendissime paternitati significamus et certificamus per presentes, quod die lune, nono viz. die mensis Septembris, anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo quinto, indictione decima tercia pontificatus sanctissimi in Christo patris et domini nostri, domini Pauli divina providentia pape quarti anno primo, in ecclesia parochiali dive virginis Marie in Oxonia, in providi et circumspecti viri magistri Johannis Clerk, sedis apostolice auctoritate notarii publici, et testium in actis hujus diei (ut inferius statim apparebit) presenciis coram nobis ad effectum infrascriptum judicialiter et pro tribunali sedentibus, comparens et personaliter constitutus preclarus et venerabilis vir magister Johannes Story legum doctor quasdam literas vestras commissionales vestre paternitatis reverendissime, immo verius apostolicas presentibus annex sigillo vestro cera rubea impressa in quadam alba lignea capsula inclusa cum filis sive cordulis rubei coloris pendentibus sigillatas, ac signo, nomine, et subscripcione providi viri Claudii Badii clerici Bismitine diocesis publici auctoritate apostolica et imperiali notarii et scribe vestri (ut apparuit) in hac parte specialiter assumpti munitas et subscriptas, non viciatas, non rasas, non abolitas, non cancellatas, nec in aliqua sui parte suspectas, sed sanas et integras ac omni vicio et sinistra suspicione carentes, nobis directas et per partem illustrissimorum serenissimorumque Philippi et Marie Anglie regis et regine in ipsis literis commissionalibus nominat ex parte dicti sanctissimi domini nostri pape et vestra realiter presentavit. Post quarum literarum commissionalium presentacionem nobis et recepcionem per nos humiliter factas, ipsisque per dominum Christoferum Smythe apostolice sedis auctoritate notarum publicum usque ad subscripcionem notarii in eisdem exclusive tunc ibidem publice perlectis, per prefatum venerabilem virum magistrum Johannem Story fuimus debite requisiti, quatenus onus execucionis earundem in nos assumere et acceptare ipsasque exequi dignaremur. Post cujus requisicionem sic ut premittitur nobis factam, ob honorem et reverenciam sacrosancte sedis apostolice et paternitatis vestre reverendissime onus execucionis earundem in nos assumpsimus, atque juxta vim, formam, tenorem et effectum earundem procedendum fore decrevimus; prenominatumque magistrum Johannem Clerk notarium publicum in nostrum et actorum nostrorum agendorumque et expediendorum per nos et coram nobis in causa et causis inferius descriptis ac inter partes infra nominatas scribam assumpsimus, deputavimus, et constituimus. Quo facto, egregius vir magister Thomas Martyn legum doctor exhibuit procuratorium suum a serenissimis Philippo et. Maria Anglie rege et regina sibi et dicto venerabili viro magistro Johanni Story ae Davido Lewis conjunctim et divisim in hac parte concessis ac sigillo magno eorundem serenissimorum et illustrissimorum regis et regine in cera crocei coloris sigillatis; lectoque procuratorio hujusmodi de mandato nostro, prenominatus venerabilis vir magister Thomas Martin exhibens ut prefertur procuratorium suum pro dictis illusirissimis rege et regina fecit se partem pro eisdem et dedit articulos ex parte ipsorum serenissimorum dominorum regis et regine contra prefatum dominum Thomam Cranmerum propositos et conceptos una cum scedula eisdem articulis annexa: etiam libros dedit in ipsis articulis mencionatos et in margine eorundem specificatos; petiitque procurator hujusmodi quatenus dignaremur decernere dictum dominum Thomam Cranmerum, se archiepiscopum Cantuarie pretendentem, citandum fore ad comparendum coram nobis die Jovis prox’ tunc sequente, duodecimo viz. die dicti mensis Septembris in ecclesia predicta hora octava ante meridiem ad respondendum, et procedi videndum contra eum juxta tenorem dicte commissionis sive subdelegacionis, et ad objiciendum contra articulos et cetera predicta contra eum in hac parte modo premisso exhibita si voluerit. Ad cujus quidem procuratoris peticionem, quia justa nobis videbatur ac juri et racione consona, decrevimus ipsum “Thomam Cranmerum citandum juxta peticionem procuratoris predicti. Quo facto, prefatum Christoferum Smythe publicum apostolica auctoritate notarium in nostrum mandatarium in hac parte cum potestate citandi, certificandi, et exequendi dictam cicationem et quemcunque alium processum et ad alia facienda ad mandatarii officium spectantia deputavimus et admisimus; ipsumque Christoferum notarium publicum et mandatarium nostrum hujusmodi de fideliter exequendo, referendo, et certificando, et de ejus officio in ea parte juste exercendo juramento ad sancta Dei evangelia oneravimus
ét juravimus, Deinde vero articulos predictos et contenta in eisdem per dictum Christo-ferum Smythe notarium publicum publice in Judicio perlegi fecimus, necnon prenominatum dominum Johannem Clerk notarium publicum ac scribam nostrum predictum ad conficiendum instrumentum seu instrumenta publica unum vel plura de et super premissis omnibus et singulis per nos et coram nobis istis die et loco qualitercumque habitis et factis mandavimus, et eundem ad sic conficiendum ac testes infra nominatos inde testimonium perhibere prefatus magister Thomas Martyn instanter requisivit; presentibus tune ibidem venerabilibus viris Richardo Marshall, Commissario Universitatis predicte, Waltero Wright legum doctore, Archidiacono Oxon’, Arthuro Cole sacre theologie baccalario, preside Collegii dive Magdalene in eadem Universitate, Richardo Cawdewell in medicinis doctore, Henrico Joilyff sacre theologie baccalario, Thoma Pygott et Edmundo Powell armigeris, cum multis aliis ad numerum ducentarum personarum et ultra. “Tenor vero procuratorii illustrissimorum Philippi et Marie Regis et Regine predictorum, de quo superius fit mencio, per prefatum venerabilem virum magistrum “Thomam Martyn procuratorem in eodem nominatum ut prefertur productum et exhibitum sequitur, et est talis: Universis pateat per presentes, quod nos Philippus et Maria Dei gracia Anglie Francie Neapolis Jerusalem et Hibernie Rex et Regina, fidei defensores, Principes Hispaniarum et Cicilie, Archiduces Austrie, Duces Mediolani Burgundie et Brabancie, Comites Haspurgi Flandrie et Tirolis, dilectos nobis in Christo Thomam Martyn, Johannem Story et Davidum Lewis legum doctores absentes tanquam presentes omnibus melioribus et efficacioribus modo via et forma conjunctim, et eorum quemlibet per se divisim et in solidum, ita quod non sit melior conditio occupantis nec deterior subsequentis, sed quod unus eorum inceperit id ipsorum quilibet per se libere prosequi valeat, mediare pariter et finire, nostros veros legitimos et indubitatos procuratores, actores, factores, negociorumque nostrorum gestores et nuncios speciales nominamus, ordinamus, facimus, et constituimus per presentes, damusque et concedimus eisdem procuratoribus nostris conjunctim ut prefertur et eorum cuilibet per se divisim et in solido potestatem generalem et mandatur speciale, ita quod specialitas generalitati non derogat nec e contra, pro et nominibus nostris coram reverendis in Christo patribus Wigornien’ et Glocestren Episcopis ac Decano Londonien’ et Archidia-cono Cantuar, seu coram eorum tribus, duobus, sive uno, reverendissimi in Christo patris et domini, domini Jacobi, miseratione divina tituli sancte Marie in via sacrosancte Romane ecclesie presbyteri Cardinalis de Puteo nuncupat sanctissimi in Christo patris et domini nostri domini Pauli divina providentia illus nominis Pape quarti, in causa et causis heresim aliaque enormia crimina, in quibus Thomas Cranmerus nuper metropolitane ecclesie Cant Archiepiscopus assertus sit prolapsus, sapientibus, per nos nostrisque vice et nominibus contra ipsum Thomam Archiepiscopum pretensum mota et motis indecisis adhuc penden’, Commissarii sive Judicis delegati, Subdelegatis sive Commissariis sufficienter et legitime deputatis, comparendi absenciamque nostram quoad personalem comparacionem in omnibus excusandi ac causam et causas absentie nostre (si opus fuerit) allegandi, proponendi, et probandi, ac fidem faciendi super eisdem, literasque commissionales remissorial sive subdelegatorum prefati reverendissimi Jacobi Cardinalis ac Judicis delegat’ sive Commissarii antedicti realiter producend’ ostendendi et exhibendi. Necnon articulos, capitula, positiones sive interrogatoria, ac alias materias, objectiones, allegaciones seu peticiones quascunque verbo vel in scriptis dandi, faciendi, ministrandi, proponendi et exhibendi, posicionibus et articulis excepcionibusque ex adversis fiendis respondendi et suis responderi petendi, videndique juramentum quodcunque licitum et honestum ac de jure in hac parte requisitum in animas nostras prestand’ subeund’ et jurand’. Testes, literas et instrumenta, ac alia quecunque probacionum genera producend’ ostendend’ et exhibend’, productaque et exhibita ex adverso, reproband’ et impugnandi, crimina et defectus objiciendi et objectis respondendi, decreta quecunque fieri decernique petendi et obtinendi, alium insuper procuratorem sive procuratores loco eorum seu eorum alicujus substituendi, ac substitutum sive substitutos hujusmodi revocandi, procuratorisque officium in se reassumendi, quotiens et quando id eis seu eorum alicui melius videbitur expedire. Ceteraque omnia et singula faciendi, exercendi et expediendi, que in premissis aut circa ea necessaria fuerint seu quomodolibet opportuna, etiam si mandatum de se magis exigant speciale quam superius est expressum. Et promittimus nos ratos, gratos, et firmos perpetuo habituros totum et quicquid dicti procuratores nostri seu eorum aliquis
fecerit in premissis aut aliquo premissorum sub ypotheca et obligatione omnium bonorum nostrorum, et in ea parte caucionem exponimus per presentes. Dat sub magno sigillo nostro apud honorium nostrum de Hamtoncorte Londonien’ dioces’ xxiiii^ die mensis Augusti anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo quinto ac annis regnorum nostrorum secundo et tercio.” Adveniente vero dicto die Jovis, xii’. viz. die predicti mensis Septembris, annoque Domini indictione et pontificatu predictis, coram nobis prefato Jacobo Glocestren Episcopo ac Judice subdelegato sive Commissario supra nominato in ecclesia parochiali dive Virginis Marie superius specificat’ loco in hac parte assignat’ et deputat’ judicialiter et pro tribunali seden’ in prenominati magistri Johannis Clerk Notarii publici et scribe nostri predicti presentia, prefatus venerabilis vir magister Thomas Martyn ex superabundanti exhibuit procuratorium suum predictum pro illustrissimis rege et regina predictis, et se partem fecit pro eisdem ac eorum nomine procuratorio mandatum nostrum citatorium contra dictum dominum Thomam Cranmerum modo superius specificat’ per nos decretum et sub sigillo nostro emanatum una cum certificatorio in dorso ejusdem sub instrumento publico de et super execucione ejusdem per prenominatum Christoferum Smythe Notarium publicum et Mandatarium nostrum predietum die et loco ac sub modo et forma in eodem certificatorio specificatis et contentis concepto, ac signis et subscripcionibus tam prefati domini Johannis Clerk auctoritate apostolica notarii publici et scribe nostri predicti, quam etiam dicti Chris-toferi Smythe eadem etiam auctoritate apostolica notarii publici nostrique in hac parte Mandatarii specialiter ut prefertur deputati, admissi et jurati, consignat’ et subscript’ ac nostro sigillo etiam sigillat’ realiter exhibuit, et contra prefatum dominum Thomam Cranmerum tunc in judicio personaliter presentem ex parte dictorum serenissimorum dominorum Philippi et Marie, Regis et Regine predict’, ac procuratorio nomine pro eisdem denuo dedit articulos prius ut prefertur per eum coram nobis datos et porrectos, atque in partem et subsidium probacionis articulorum hujusmodi et contentorum in eisdem exhibuit libros mencionatos in dictis articulis vestre reverendissime paternitati originaliter una cum presentibus transmissos. Qui quidem libri atque articuli ac subdelegatio et mandatum nostrum citatorium predict in eorum formis originalibus tempore execucionis nostri hujusmodi mandati citatorii eidem Thome publice ostensi, ac ipsi seu saltem vere copie collacionate eorundem ac signo et nomine prefati domini Johannis Clerk, notari publici nostrique actorum scribe antedicti, signat’ eidem domino Thome Cranmero de facto realiter tradite fuerunt et penes eum dimisse, prout ex tenore certificatorii diet nostri mandati citatorii plenius ac manifeste liquet et apparet, in presentia ejusdem domini Thome Cranmer personaliter ut prefertur presentis et comparentis, ac primo et ante omnia protestantis quod per suam comparicionem aut per aliqua per eum dicta seu dicenda, gesta vel gerenda, seu aliquo modo per eum facta seu fienda, non intendit consentire in nos subdelegatum sive commissarium antedictum aut in aliquem alium auctoritate domini pape seu Romani pontificis fulgentem, tanquam in judicem sibi in hac parte (ut asseruit) competentem, seu aliquo pacto admittere aliquam auctoritatem dicti Romani pontificis, asserendo et constanter affirmando eundem Romanum pontificem nullum in hoc regno habere seu habere debuisse aut debere auctoritatem seu potestatem, quodque ex eo etiam ipsius Romani pontificis auctoritatem ut prefertur admittere non intendit pro eo quod alias prestitit juramentum contrarium (ut asseruit) Henrico tunc Anglie illius nominis regi octavo, viz. de renunciando Romano pontifici et de admittendo et acceptando eundem regem Henricum octavum pro supremo capite ecclesi: Anglicane, et protestabatur ulterius se paratum esse ad respondendum coram quocumque judice potestatem, auctoritatem, seu commissionem dictorum illustrissimorum regis et regine habente. Idem dominus Thomas Cranmerus tunc incontinent ibidem multis variisque modis ac verbis suis nephariis, famosis et protervis publice in judicio dixit, opposuit, et objecit contra auctoritatem potestatemque dicti domini nostri Pape et Romani pontificis, et inter cetera audacter et sine pudore aut verecundia asserendo ipsum Romanum pontificem per leges et canones suos non solum pervertisse et pervertere leges hujus regni Anglie, sed etiam sacras scripturas et leges divinas, etiam asserendo et constanter affirmando inter cetera Christum in eucharistia spiritualiter tantum et non corporaliter esse, sed in corpore in celo tantum esse et non alibi. Asseruitque quod casu quo papam. give Romanum pontificem. modernum imitari contigerit vestigia predecessorum suorum
Romanorum pontificum, aut si ejus auctoritate potestate et legibus in regnis et dominiis aliorum principum uti contigerit, quod per hoc perverteret et-destrueret tam leges divinas quam etiam leges regum, et in hoc utitur (ut asseruit) vice antechristi et pro antechristo et Christi adversario censeri deberet. Ac etiam addendo asseruit et publice affirmavit, quod quisquis receperit seu admiserit auctoritatem domini Pape seu Romani pontificis in hoc Anglie regno, adversaretur et Deo et corone Anglie, atque eo facto excommunicatus est. Ulteriusque asseruit et publice dixit prefatus Thomas Cranmerus nos Sub-delegatum ac Commissarium predictum nullo modo fuisse aut esse judicem sibi in hac parte competentem, sed incompetentem et perjurum eo quod admisimus auctoritatem Romani pontificis e& eo quod juramentum alias prestitimus contrarium viz. de renunciando auctoritati ejusdem Romani pontificis ac de acceptando et admittendo prenominatum Regem Henricum octavum pro supremo capite ecclesie Anglicane. Et quia dietus dominus Cranmerus negavit Romanum pontificem esse supremum caput ecclesie Christi, ideo interrogatus per prefatum procuratorem dominorum Regis et Regine quisnam tunc” (ejus judicio et opinione) caput esset eeclesie,” hujusmodi respondebat, Regem quemcumque in regno suo.” It cum dictus Procurator replicavit dicens, Ergo Nero qui interfecit Petrum caput fuit ecclesie Christi” ipse dominus Cranmerus affirmavit eundem Neronem sic fuisse caput ecclesie Christi, et etiam Turcam sue ecclesie caput esse. Deinde prenominatus venerabilis vir magister Thomas Martyn procurator antedictus in subsidium probationis contentorum in dictis articulis exhibuit quoddam instrumentum publicum manu propria magistri Richardi Watkyns notarii publici (ut apparuit) subscriptum, et ejus signo (ut apparuit) signatum, continens in se inter cetera tenorem juramenti fidelitatis obediencie per ipsum Thomam Cranmerum tempore ejus prefectionis sive consecracionis in Archiepiscopum Cantuar beato Petro et sedi apostolice ac domino nostro Pape Clementi ejusque successoribus Romanis pontificibus prestiti, petiitque procurator predictus memoratum dominum Thomam Cranmerum per nos juramento onerari de fideliter respondendo tam dictis articulis et scedule annex quam etiam ceteris per eum superius respective exhibitis in presencia ejusdem domini Thome Cranmeri recusantis subire juramentum hujusmodi pro eo (ut asseruit) quod nos procedimus in hac parte auctoritate Romani pontificis. Ceterum salvis protestacionibus suis previis et etiam sub protestacione quod non intendebat respondere nobis subdelegato predicto, sed prefato magistro Thome Martyn procurator antedicto, tunc incontinent idem Thomas Cranmerus dictis articulis omnibus et singulis superius ut prefertur contra eum datis et objectis ad peticionem prefati magistri Thome Martyn procuratoris predicti et de mandato nostro tam Latine quam Anglice plene et articulatim ac publice perlectis et declaratis sceduleque dictis articulis annexe et ceteris exhibitis antedictis, absque tamen aliquo juramento, deliberate et constanter coram nobis in publico judicio pro tribunali seden’ respondebat ut sequitur. Ad primum articulum respondet se recepisse bullas a curia Romana et a Romano pontifice pro. recepcione Archiepiscopatus Cantuar, quas bullas (ut asseruit) obtulit dicto tunc Regi Henrico octavo et ab eodem Rege et ejus auctoritate (ut etiam asseruit) eundem Arch-iepiscopatum recepit: et aliter negat hunc articulum esse verum. Ad secundum fatetur contenta in eodem esse vera. Ad tercium fatetur se acceptasse et duxisse mulierem in uxorem, postquam recepit sacrum ordinem sacerdotalem et circa viginti annos post mortem prime uxoris sue: et aliter hune articulum negat esse verum. Ad quartum fatetur contenta in eodem esse vera. Ad quintum fatetur se secrete tenuisse dictam mulierem secundo per eum acceptam, quousque per statuta et leges hujus regni Anglie (ut asseruit) ei licitum fuit habere uxorem, et quod tunc eam publice tenuit et ab eadem plures proles habuit: et aliter negat articulum hujusmodi. Ad vj fatetur eundem esse verum, tamen sine pudore aut verecundia ut dicit. Ad septimum fatetur se edidisse librum in hac parte exhibitum et in articulo mencionatum vocat “A defense of the true and catholicke feithe” etc. et negat se edidisse librum in eodem articulo etiam mencionatum vocat A discourse of Peter Martir” etc.; et quoad tercium librum vocat A discourse of the Lord’s supper” etc. negat se illum edidisse, tamen credit quod hujusmodi liber est bonus et catholicus, et quoad cathechismum et articulos in eodem fatetur se adhibuisse ejus consilium circa edicionem ejusdem: et quoad librum vocat An aunswer of the moste reuerende father in God” etc. fatetur se edidisse illam partem ejusdem libri que continet ejus responsa ad librum editum per reverendum patrem Winton Episcopum. Frm azar GT 35
Ad octavum respondet se nunquam coegisse aliquos hujusmodi articulis subscribere, tamen dicit quod plures clericorum provincie Cant eisdem articulis voluntarie subscripserunt, quorum subscripciones recepit ut dicit: et aliter negat articulum hujusmodi, Ad nonum fatetur quod a turri London ad academiam Oxon ductus fuit: et aliter negat contenta in eodem. Ad decimum fatetur se pro viribus defendisse libros et articulos mencionatos in hoc articulo (et in loco articulato) et contenta in eisdem: et aliter negat. Ad undecimum fatetur sententiam de facto fuisse contra eum latam eo quod defendebat libros et articulos predictos, et tamen dicit quod in illis libris et articulis non sunt hereses alique contente: et aliter respondet negative. Ad duodecimum respondet quod recessit ab auctoritate Romani pontificis, et aliis (quantum potuit) persuasit ut sic recederent, propter enormitates illic (ut dixit) regnantes; tamen per hoc dicit eum non esse schismaticum nec per hoc recessisse ab ecclesia catholica: et aliter credit hune articulum non esse verum in aliquo. Ad decimum tercium et scedulam fatetur se prestitisse juramentum obediencie prout continetur in scedula huic articulo annexa; tamen hoc fecit (ut asseruit) sub protestacione in instrumento publico (ut prefertur) in hac parte exhibito contenta; et non aliter. Ad xiiij respondet et fatetur se recessisse (ut prefertur) ab auctoritate Romani pontificis et aliis sic recedere persuasit; hoc tamen (ut dicit) non fecit ante legem inde factam auctoritate parliamenti Anglie: et etiam dicit quod post leges hujusmodi et earum auctoritate consecravit episcopos et cetera fecit que ante legem hujusmodi factam ad Romanum pontificem pertinebant et que per ipsum Romanum pontificem antea fieri solebant: et aliter negat. Ad xv respondet quod ante recepcionem Romani pontificis auctoritatem et ante reconciliacionem nuperrime in hoc Anglie regno factam hoc regnum in bono statu remansit, atque maxime optat quod modo in eodem statu remaneret; et fatebatur (ut prius) se recessisse ab auctoritate Romani Pontificis, et quod non intendit ad illam auctoritatem redire vel eandem aliquo modo admittere, ut dicit. Ad ultimum negat contenta in eodem aliter esse vera quam superius respondebat, ut dicit. Ac incontinent (responsionibus predicti domini Thome Cranmeri modo premisso publice et Judicialiter factis, receptis, et conscriptis) dictus venerabilis vir magister Thomas Martyn procurator predictus ac nomine procuratorio quo supra acceptavit responsa superius facta et contenta in eisdem, quatenus faciunt pro parte et intencione dictorum illustrissimorum dominorum suorum, atque super articulis et exhibitis predictis produxit venerabiles viros magistros Wil’m Tresham, Richardum Marshall, Richardum Smythe, et Richardum Croke, sacre theologie doctores, Jacobum Curtopp, Robertum Warde, Georgium London, et Robertum Serles, in testes, quos nos ad peticionem procuratoris hujusmodi in testes admisimus, et in forma jurandorum testium tactis per eos sacrosanctis scripturis de fideliter deponendo et de dicendo omnem et meram veritatem, cum fuerint examinati in hac parte de et super premissis super quibus modo premisso producti fuerunt, omni amicicia, favore, affectione, odio, timore et displicentia postpositis et semotis, juxta formam, modum et morem in simili testium admissione et juramenti prestacione solit’ et consuet’ et in hae parte de jure requisit’, jurari fecimus in presentia dicti domini Thome Cranmeri sub ejus protestacionibus previis allegantis quod dicti testes nullo modo in hac parte sunt testes idonei, nec eisdem fides aliqua in hac parte fuit aut est (ut asseruit) adhibenda pre eo (ut etiam asseruit) sunt perjuri in eo quod subierunt juramentum domino Regi Anglie tanquam supremo capiti, ac modo contra hujusmodi juramentum (ut prefertur) per eos prestitum admiserunt auctoritatem Romani pontificis. Et tunc idem dominus Thomas interrogatus, an velit aliquibus aliis excepcionibus uti contra testes predictos seu aliqua interrogatoria contra eos ministrare, respondebat quod noluit nec ulterius aliquid in hac parte dicere, proponere, vel objicere. Super quibus omnibus et singulis modo premisso dicto duodecimo die Septembris ac anno Domini indictione pontificatuque et loco antedictis habitis factisque et expeditis, prefatum dominum Johannem Clerk Notarium publicum ac nostrum in hae parte auctorum Scribam predictum mandavimus, eundemque dictus magister Thomas Martyn procurator antedictus et procuratorio nomine predicto ad conficiend’ instrumentum sive instrumenta publicum seu publica ac testes infra nominatos tunc presentes inde testimonium perhibitur’ instanter rogavit et requisivit, presentibus tunc ibidem venerabilibus viris Waltero Wright legum doctore Archidiacono Oxon’, Willmo Tresham, Richardo Marshall, Richardo Smythe publico prelectore sacre theologie in eadem academia, et Richardo Croke sacre theologie
professoribus, Arthuro Cole sacre theologie baccalario ac preside Collegii dive Magdalene in Oxonia, Richardo Cawdewell in medicinis doctore, Roberto Morwent sacre theologie baccalario, preside Collegii vulgo Anglice dict” Oriell Colledge,” Mauricio Bullock artium magistro, vicegardiano Novi Collegii Winton in Oxon’, Richardo Busshop artium magistro, Griffino Willyams in legibus baccalario, Philippo Randall principali Aule Cervine Oxon, Will mo Hawarden sacre theologie baccalario, principali Collegii Enei Nasi vocat brase nose,” et Georgio Edrigio artium magistro ac publico Grecarum literarum prelectore, ac Johanne Pollard, Thoma Pygott, et Edmundo Powell armigeris, cum multitudine copiosa tam clericorum et scholarium dicte Universitatis quam etiam laicorum ad numerum quadringentarum personarum et ultra existen. Postremo vero decimo tercio die mensis Septembris anno Domini indictioneque ac anno pontificatus supradictis, in quadam superiori camera sive pergula gardiani Collegii Novi dicte Universitatis, in presentia prefati domini Johannis Clerk Notari publici ac Scribe nostri predicti, etiam presentibus Thoma Owen in legibus baccalario et Christofero Smythe Notariis publicis London commoran’, testes infra nominatos (ut prefertur) productos et juratos examinavimus, eorumque testium dicta et depositiones seriatim sequuntur et sunt tales.
Ricuanpvs Croke sacre theologie doctor in Universitate Cantabrigie, sexaginta sex vel quinque annorum, libere (ut dicit) condicionis, de noticia partium examinatus dicit, quod novit prefatum Thomam Cranmerum circiter triginta sex annos, Reginam Mariam a bimatu, Regem Philippum ex quo venit in Angliam, viz. circiter annum, Ad primum secundum tercium quartum quintum sextum septimum octavum et nonum respondet, quod credit articulos veros esse et omnia in eis contenta, quodque de eisdem fama laborat per universum regnum Anglie et in multis etiam partibus transmarinis; et aliter nescit deponere, Ad decimum dicit articulum esse verum, quia ipse personaliter disputacioni predicte in publica scola theologica Oxon facte interfuit. Ad undecimum dicit articulum esse verum, ipse enim presens erat in ecclesia parochiali dive Virginis Marie Oxon quando decretum in articulo specificatum adversus eundem Thomam pronunciatum fuit. Ad duodecimum respondet articulum esse verum, excepto eo quod iste deponens certo affrmare non potest quod prefatus Thomas Cranmer aliquos per vim coegerit et compulerit ad renunciandum auctoritati sedis apostolice, quanquam et illud publice a fide dignis audivit. Dicit insuper quod prefatus Cranmer multos seduxerit non tantum ab auctoritate ecclesie Romane, sed etiam a veritate in multis alis fidei catholice articulis: et aliter nescit deponere ad articulum predictum. Ad decimumtercium dicit quod audivit ipsum Cranmerum publice confitentem se in consecracione sua prestitisse sacrum obediencie summo pontifici: et aliter nescit deponere in articulo predicto. Ad decimumquartum dicit et deponit ut supra: dicit insuper quod prefatus Cranmer pro Archiepiscopo Cant se gerens consecravit et transtulit complures in Anglie episcopos, viz. consecravit quendam doctorem Poynett in Winton Ep’m et quendam Coverdale in Ep’m Exon’ et quendam Johannem Hoper in Ep’m Glocestr et quod transtulit quendam doctorem Rydley a Roffen’ in Londonien’ episcopatum. Ad xv dicit articulum esse verum, quia heri audivit eum publice detestantem auctoritatem Pape et apostolice sedis: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad xvi dicit famam de premissis divulgatam esse per universum regnum Anglie.
RonsERrTUS WARDE artium magister et publicus philosophie in Academia Oxon prelector, quadraginta vel circiter annorum, testis (ut prefertur) productus et juratus, libere condicionis, interrogatus de noticia personarum dicit, quod novit Regem Philippum ab eo tempore quo primum appulit in Anglia, hoc est per integrum annum et ultra, Mariam Reginam ab inicio regni Edwardi sexti, viz. circiter novem annos, Thomam Cranmerum per duodecim annos vel circiter novit..Ad primum secundum tercium quartum quintum et sextum dicit, quod credit articulos veros esse et omnia in eis contenta, quia sepius publice audivit contenta in eisdem vera esse tam Oxonie quam alibi in multis Anglie partibus. Ad septimum dicit, quod credit prefatum “Thomam vix adeo eruditum ut possit ipse ejus proprio ingenio hujusmodi libros componere, certo tamen scit ejus nomine et auctoritate eos circumferri, ipsumque “Thomam dixisse libros predictos seu saltem plurimos ex illis fuisse proprio ingenio confectos, et ut suos agnovisse, et quod novit ipsum Thomam sepius defendisse plurimas hereses in libris predictis con- 35—2
-tentas in publicis disputacionibus Oxonie habitis, in quibus iste deponens publico certamine contra dictum “Thomam congressus est: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad octavum credit esse verum, quia publice a fide dignis audivit: et aliter nescit. Ad nonum dicit esse verum, quia vidit quum prefatus Thomas Oxoniam primum a Londino ductus est, et in aliis rebus credit articulum esse verum. Ad decimum dicit articulum esse verum, quia interfuit disputacionibus predict’, et in eisdem disputacionibus eidem Thome publice respondebat dum predict’, hereses pro viribus confirmare satageret. Ad undecimum dicit articulum verum esse; ipse enim interfuit in ede dive Marie Oxon quum decretum in articulo specificatum contra prefatum Thomam Cranmerum et duos alios publice legeretur per Doctorem Weston. Ad xij dicit quod credit esse verum, quia publice et sepius a fide dignis audivit. Ad xiij dieit verum esse, quia vidit publicum instrumentum super juramento predicto confectum publice contra eundem Thomam exhibitum: et aliter nescit. Ad xiij dicit quod prefatus Thomas Cranmerus consecravit in episcopos Johannem Hooper in Gloucestren’ Milonem Couerdale in Exonien’ Hugonem Holbache et postea quendam doctorem Taylor in episcopos Lincoln’, et insuper quod consecravit doctorem Rydley in Roffen’ episcopum, quem postea transtulit ad episcopatum Londoniensem; et in aliis credit articulum esse verum. Ad xv dicit verum esse, quia heri xij Septembris audivit eum animo obstinato contempnentem primatum Romane ecclesie, et insuper protestantem se nolle aliquo pacto in eundem consentire. Ad xvj dicit famam de premissis publice divulgatam esse tam Oxonie quam alibi in Anglia.
RoBERTUS SEnLES sacre theologie baccalaurius in Universitate Oxon commorans 1x”. annorum vel circiter, libere (ut dicit) condicionis, testis (ut prefertur) productus et juratus de noticia partium examinatus dicit, quod novit Regem Philippum a tempore adventus sui in Angliam, viz. per annum aut circiter, ac Reginam Mariam per triginta annos vel circiter, Thomam Cranmerum circiter viginti annos. Ad primum secundum tercium quartum quintum sextum septimum octavum et nonum dicit, quod credit articulos veros esse et omnia contenta in eisdem, quia eadem publice audivit tam Oxonie quam in aliis hujus regni Anglie partibus: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad decimum dicit quod ipse presens personaliter non interfuit publice disputacioni habite Oxon cum prefato Thoma Cranmer; credit tamen articulum per omnia verum esse, quia publica (ut asserit) per universum Anglie regnum fama erat et est, ipseque a nonnullis fide dignis qui disputacioni predicte intererant personaliter audivit prefatum Cranmerum in Academia predicta publiea disputacione libros et articulos suos predictos pro viribus defendisse, tandemque convietum et exsibilitatum a multis fuisse: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad undecimum dicit similiter, quod credit et ex frequenti fide dignorum relacione audivit, omnia et singula in articulo contenta vera esse: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad xij dicit quod credit dictum “Thomam fuisse et esse notorium scismaticum et hereticum, quia sepius audivit eundem tam privatim quam publice multas impias et execrandas hereses docentem, efferentem et pertinaciter defendentem, et quod idem deponens circa id temporis, quo ecclesia Anglicana primum cepit desistere ab auctoritate Pape et sedis apostolice, fuit vicarius de Lenham dioces et provinc Cantuar, et ideo tum subjectus (seu saltem publice habitus pro subjecto) jurisdictioni prefati Thome Cranmeri, qui tum publice pro episcopo Cant se gessit, et quod ab ipso Thoma Cranmero seu saltem ab ejus Cancellario (mandatum et auctoritatem regiam in ea parte habere pretendente) idem deponens inductus et compulsus sit ad renunciandum auctoritati domini Pape et ad prestandum juramentum contra eundem et contra sedem apostolicam. — Dicit insuper quod ipse circiter xv hinc annos unus erat ex publicis concionatoribus domini Regis in dioces’ Cant’, quodque ex predicto officio ignominiose expulsus fuit per prefatum Thomam Cranmerum Archiepiscopum Cant pretens pro eo viz. quod idem Robertus Serles publice in concionibus affirmavit realem presenciam corporis et sanguinis Christi in eucharistia, et quod recusavit subscribere certis articulis per prefatum Thomam Cranmerum editis et divulgatis qui sibi a fide Christiana in multis dissentire et penitus heretice videbantur, quodque eo nomine per prefatum “Thomam (seu saltem ejus jussu et mandato) idem deponens bis in carceres conjectus fuit et ibidem diu detentus, hocque fuit et est notorium per universam Cant dioc: et aliter nescit deponere de articulo predicto. Ad xiij dicit quod credit et quod publice audivit esse verum; et aliter nescit deponere, Ad xiiij dicit quod postquam in - Anglia publice renunciatum est auctoritati sedis apostolice, maxime queque negocia ads
jurisdictionem spiritualem pertinencia, ut consecraciones episcoporum et similia, sub umbra et auctoritate regii nominis per ipsum Thomam Cranmerum se (ut prefertur) tum pro Archiepiscopo Cant gerentem agebantur et fiebant: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad xv dicit articulum esse verum, quia nuperrime viz. hesterna die audivit ipsum impia et execranda contra sedem apostolicam predict publice in judicio dicentem, et protestantem quod nullo modo intendit. in eandem consentire neque se eidem reconciliare: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad xvj dicit famam de premissis laborare.
WiLLieLmus TnEsuaM sacre theologie professor et ecclesie Christi Oxon canonicus, sexaginta annorum etatis aut circiter, libere (ut dicit) condicionis, testis productus juratus et examinatus super articulis et exhibitis ex parte illustrissimorum principum Philippi et Marie Regis et Regine Anglie contra dominum Thomam Cranmerum pretensum Archiepiscopum Cant propositis dicit et deponit in vim juramenti sui prestiti ut sequitur. Primo quoad noticiam partium dicit, quod dictum Regium Philippum per annum integrum ac dominam Mariam Reginam per viginti annos jam ult ac dictum Thomam Cranmerum per idem tempus bene novit, ut dicit. Ad primum secundum tercium quartum quintum et sextum articulos dicit et deponit contenta in eisdem fuisse et esse vera ac tanquam vera publica, notoria, manifesta pariter et famosa in hoc Anglie regno habita de auditu istius deponentis, et quod sic sepius audivit dici, ut dicit: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad septimum dicit et deponit, quod prenominatus dominus Cranmerus libros sequentes edidit et orbi publicavit, viz. ‘A defense of the true and catholique feithe” etc. Item librum vocat An aunswer of the most reuerende father in God” etc. atque etiam quod idem Thomas Cranmerus ejus consilium adhibuit circa edicionem libri vocat Cata-chismum,” in hoc articulo respective mencionat’, quos quidem respective libros iste deponens dicit se audivisse prenominatum dominum Thomam Cranmerum in publico judicio fateri et confiteri se modo et forma quibus supra edidisse, et ejus consilium adhibuisse: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad octavum nescit deponere. Ad nonum dicit et deponit contenta in hoc articulo esse vera de certa sciencia et noticia hujus deponentis, ut dicit. Ad x et xj dicit et deponit, quod quia dictus dominus Thomas Cranmerus in Academia Oxon publica disputacione secum ex more scolarum habita contenta in dictis libris ct articulis publice pro viribus defendebat, et sic quatenus potuit defendens convictus fuit, et circiter duos aut tres dies prox’ sequen’ intra ecclesiam parochialem dive Marie Virginis Oxon’, ex eo quod ab eisdem recedere pertinaciter recusavit, scolastico et academico Oxon decreto pro heretico et impio pronunciatus fuit et declaratus, librique et articuli predicti pro hereticis et impiis pronunciati et declarati, de certa sciencia visu et auditu istius jurati, ut dicit; addendo ac causam sciencie sue in hac parte reddendo dicit. se fuisse presentem tempore defensionis et convictionis predict’, et dicit se contra eundem Thomam et ejus libros predictos in publica scola disputasse, et quod audivit ipsum Thomam ejus libros et hereses predict modo et forma quibus supra defendentem, et in ea parte (ut prefertur) convictum, ut dicit: Presentibus tunc ibidem Richardo Smythe, Richardo Marshall, et Richardo Crook, sacre theologie professoribus, contestibus suis cum multis alis, ut dicit, premissa videntibus et audientibus. Ad duodecimum dicit et deponit contenta hujusmodi articulo fuisse et esse vera, ac in Anglie regno publica, notoria, manifesta pariter et famosa de auditu, scientia, et noticia istius jurati, except tantum quod ignorat de aliqua compulsione per eundem Thomam Cranmerum cuiquam facta, ut dicit. Ad xiij dicit contenta in hujusmodi articulo fuisse et esse vera ut credit, eo quod tune Romanus pontifex suam auctoritatem exercebat in hoc regno Anglie de certa sciencia et noticia istius deponentis, ut dicit. Et ulterius dicit et deponit se audivisse dictum “Thomam Cranmerum in publico judicio coram reverendo. domino Subdelegato pro tribunali in hac parte seden’ fateri se tale prestitisse juramentum obediencie, prout continetur in scedula huic articulo annexa; hoc tamen fecit sub protestacione in instrumento publico in hac parte contra eum exhibito contenta, ut idem Thomas asseruit: et aliter nescit. Ad xiiij et xv dicit et deponit contenta in eisdem articulis (except hoc tantum quod aliquem coegit ad consenciendum contentis in eisdem articulis) fuisse et esse vera, publica, et notoria de certa sciencia et noticia hujus deponentis, ut dicit. Ad ultimum dicit et deponit predeposita per eum fuisse et esse vera, publica, et notoria, ac juxta eadem famam presertim in hoc Anglie regno laborasse et laborare juxta depositionem suam predictam. ᾿
τς JacoBus CumroPP artium magister decanusque Ecclesie Cath Petriburgen’, triginta octo annorum etatis aut circiter, libere (ut dicit) condicionis, testis productus juratus et examinatus super articulis et exhibitis in hac parte contra Thomam Cranmerum pretensum Archiepiscopum Cant ex parte illustrissimorum dominorum nostrorum Regis et Regine propositis et datis. Primo quoad noticiam partium litigantium dicit, quod dictum dominum nostrum Regem per tres quarterios anni ult ac dominam Reginam per xxv annos jam ult elapsos respective bene novit, ut dicit. Ad primum et secundum dicit et deponit, quod sic dici audivit prout continetur in istis articulis: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad tercium dicit et deponit, quod audivit dici quod idem Thomas Cranmerus quandam mulierem secundo in uxorem duxit, sed an eidem mulieri fuit nuptus necne, nescit (ut dicit) nisi per auditum aliorum, sed pro certo dicit et deponit se vidisse eandem mulierem quam idem Thomas Cranmerus tanquam uxorem suam (ut asseruit) tenuit cum ipso Thoma in ejus mensa sedentem, comedentem et bibentem: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad iij et quintum dicit et deponit, quod dici audivit quod dictus Thomas Cranmerus ejus secundam uxorem predictam tempore regis Henrici octavi clanculum et secrete tenuit, atque tempore Edwardi sexti etiam hujus regni nuper Regis idem Thomas eandem suam uxorem aperte et publice tenuit de visu et noticia istius deponentis: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad sextum dicit et deponit, quod dici audivit quod idem Thomas dictam uxorem suam secundo (ut prefertur) per eum acceptam, antequam prefectus fuit Cant Archiep, duxit et tenuit Osiandro benedicente nupciis: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad septimum dicit et deponit, quod ex certa sua sciencia dictus Thomas Cranmerus sequentes libros suo nomine edidit et orbi publicavit, viz. “A defense of the true and Catholique doctrine,” etc. item Cathachismum brevem Christiane discipline” etc. atque articulos” in eodem Cathachismo mencionat’; necnon, An aunswer of the most reuerende father” etc. Et aliter nescit deponere. Ad octavum nescit deponere. Ad ix x et xj dicit et deponit, quod sic dici audivit quod idem Thomas Cranmerus dictos suos libros et articulos ac contenta in eisdem publice et in publica scola pro viribus defendebat, atque ab heresibus in hujusmodi libris et articulis contentis recedere pertinaciter recusavit, et propterea publico Oxon decreto tam ipse quam ejus libri et articuli predicti pro hereticis et impiis pronunciati et declarati: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad xij (hoc excepto, quod non novit eundem Thomam aliquem coegisse ad contenta in hoc articulo facienda) dicit et deponit eundem articulum et contenta in eodem fuisse et esse vera, publica, notoria et manifesta in hoc Anglie regno: et aliter nescit. Ad xiij dicit et deponit contenta in eodem fuisse et esse vera, et etiam dicit quod audivit eundem Thomam coram reverendo domino Subdelegato in hac parte procedente in publico judicio pro tribunali seden’ confiteri se tale prestitisse juramentum obediencie prout continetur in scedula huic articulo annexa: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad xiij et xv dicit et deponit contenta in eisdem articulis fuisse et esse vera, except quod non novit de aliqua coactione per eundem Thomam Cranmerum facta. Ad ultimum dicit predeposita per eum fuisse et esse vera, ac juxta eadem famam laborasse et laborare.
Groraius ΤΌΝΟΝ sacre theologie baccalarius, Collegii Glocestren in Academia Oxon’, quinquaginta duorum annorum etatis aut circiter, libere (ut dicit) condicionis, testis in hac parte productus et juratus, quoad partes dicit quod dominum Regem modernum non novit, ac dictam dominam Reginam circiter xxviij annos jam ult elapsos ac Thomam Cranmerum per quindecim annos bene novit, ut dicit. Ad primum secundum tercium quartum quintum et sextum dicit et deponit, contenta in eisdem articulis fuisse et esse vera et in hoc Anglie regno publica, notoria et manifesta, etiam per dictum Thomam Cranmerum coram domino Subdelegato iu hac parte procedente publice in judicio saltem in effectu confessa, ut dicit: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad septimum dicit et deponit dictum Thomam Cranmerum libros sequentes edidisse saltem suo nomine, viz. A defense of the true and Catholique doctrine” etc. An aunswer of the moste reuerende father in God” etc. necnon ejus consilium adhibuisse circa edicionem Cathachismi brevis Christiane discipline etc. in hoc articulo mencionat’, prout dictus Thomas Cranmerus publice fatebatur coram domino Subdelegato in hac parte pro tribunali seden’: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad octavum nescit deponere. Ad ix x et xj dicit et deponit, quod dictus Thomas Cranmerus in publica scola theologica Academie Oxon dictos libros et articulos
ac contenta in eisdem aliasque nonnullas hereses publice defendebat, et inter cetera negavit presenciam corporis Christi in sacrocancta, eucharistia ut dicit; et sic defendendo et negando scholastico et academico Oxon decreto pro heretico et impio in ecclesia parochiali dive MarieVirginis civitatis Oxon pronunciatus et declaratus, ut iste deponens dici audivit, tamen eidem decreto non interfuit, ut dicit: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad duodecimum dicit et deponit eundem Thomam Cranmerum fuisse et esse (premissorum obtentu) Schisma-ticum, et quod idem Thomas Cranmerus publice fatebatur se adhibuisse ejus consilium Regi Henrico et quamplurimis alis personis hujus regni ut recederent ab auctoritate Romani pontificis: et aliter dicit quod nescit deponere. Ad xiij dicit se audivisse dictum Thomam Cranmerum coram prefato domino Subdelegato publice in judicio fassum esse et confiteri se tale prestitisse juramentum, prout continetur in scedula huic articulo annexa; tamen hoc fecit (ut asseruit) sub protestacione in instrumento publico in hae parte exhibito contenta: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad xiiij et xv dicit et deponit contenta in eisdem articulis fuisse et esse vera, publica, et notoria etiam de certa sciencia auditu et noticia istius deponentis, ut dicit. Ad ultimum dicit predeposita per eum esse vera, atque juxta eadem famam laborasse et laborare.
Magister Ricuanpus SmyTHE sacre theologie professor, ecclesie Christi in Academia Oxon prebendarius ac publicus prelector sacre theologie in eadem Academia, quinquaginta trium aut circiter annorum etatis, libere (ut dicit) condicionis, testis super articulis capitulis sive interrogatoriis ex parte illustrissimorum dominorum Regis et Regine contra Thomam Cranmerum pro Archiepiscopo Cantuar se gerentem datis et propositis productus, juratus et examinatus dicit, quod citra adventum ejusdem Regis ad hoc Anglie regnum eum tam tempore nuptiarum inter eum et serenissimam dominam Mariam Anglie Reginam Winton celebrat! quam etiam pluries citra illud tempus vidit, quodque serenissimam dominam Mariam Reginam per xiiij aut xv annos, necnon prefatum dominum Thomam Cranmerum per xviij annos, aut circiter novit. Ad primum secundum tercium quartum quintum et sextum articulos predictos dicit et deponit iste deponens, quod a pluribus sepius audivit dici prout in eisdem articulis continetur quodque sic in quamplurimis hujus regni civitatibus et oppidis ac in utraque Universitate sive Academia Oxon viz. et Cantabrigien et in nonnullis alüs locis publicis hujus regni contenta in eisdem articulis fuerunt et sunt communiter dicta, et publica, notoria, et famosa etiam de auditu et sciencia hujus deponentis. Dicitque iste deponens quod firmiter credit contenta in articulis hujusmodi fuisse et esse vera; et aliter dicit quod nescit deponere. Ad seplimum dicit et deponit iste Juratus, quod liber vulgo nominatus “The defence of the true and Catholicke doctrine of the sacrament of the bodie and blodd of ower Lord” etc. editus fuit ac publicatus et orbi traditus per dictum Thomam Cranmerum ac ejus nomine, auctoritate et mandanto, non solum prout iste juratus sepius hoc verum esse audivit a pluribus aliis, verum etiam ex eo quod sub nomine ipsius Thome editus et impressus fuit. Cui quidem libro et contentis in eisdem iste juratus respondens confutacioni ejusdem alium librum edidit et scripsit nominatum vulgariter et Anglice A confutacion of the true and Catholique doctrine” etc. Et quod attinet ad catachismum et articulos annexos et ad librum continentem responsa ejusdem Thome Cranmeri contra librum reverendi patris domini Stephani Winton episcopi vulgariter dictum An aunswer of the moste reuerende father in God Thomas Archebushop of Canterbury” etc. dicit quod tam per titulum: et inscripeionem eorundem et per publicam famam, quam per confessionem dicti Thome, apparet eosdem libros per eundem Thomam editos fuisse et publicatos: et aliter dicit quod super contentis in hoc articulo nescit deponere. Ad octavum et nonum dicit quod nescit deponere. Ad decimum et undecimum dicit iste deponens, quod intra festa Pasche et Pentecostes ad annum elapsum, viz. anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo quarto, presens fuit in scola theologica Oxonien quando dictus Thomas Cranmerus publice et pertinaciter pro viribus defenderat hereses contentas in libris et articulis predictis, viz. non esse corpus Christi realiter in eucharistia, et non esse transubstanciationem panis et vini, tercio missam non esse sacrificium propiciatorium pro vivis et defunctis: quodque propterea post disputacionem aliquot dierum in ea parte publice et solemniter factam tandem sentencia duodecim doctorum virorum, viz. sex de Universitate Oxon et sex de Universitate Cantabrigien, et aliorum multorum virorum doctorum specialiter in ea parte a Convocatione Cleri tunc Lon-
dini celebrat missorum, convictus fuit, et postea in Ecclesia parochiali dive Marie Oxon pro heretico judicatus, ejusque opiniones predicte tanquam heretice dampnate fuerunt: Presentibus etiam tunc ibidem ac premissa audientibus venerabilibus viris Richardo Marshall sacre theologie professore ac dicte Universitatis Oxonien tunc et in presenti vicecancellario, Will mo.‘Tresham et Richardo Croke theologie doctoribus, ac Georgio London theologie baccalario, Roberto Warde artium magistro, Johanne Smythe artium magistro, Richardo Bruern sacre theologie baccalario et prelectore Hebraice lingue in dicta Universate, una cum aliis pluribus ad numerum millenarium et ultra, ut credit et ut modo recolit: et aliter -dicit quod super contentis in istis articulis nescit deponere. Ad xij xiij xiiij xv et xvj dicit aliter super contentis in eisdem articulis deponere nescit quam ex auditu famaque publica et ex propria confessione predicti Thome Cranmeri hesterna luce, viz. duodecimo die instantis mensis Septembris, coram domino Subdelegato pro tribunali sedente publice facta, dicitque iste juratus in vim juramenti sui quod non est doctus neque instructus preceve aut precio aliquo in hac parte corruptus..: x
Macister Ricuanpus MansuaLL sacre theologie professor ac decanus Ecclesie Cathe-dralis Collegii Christi in Alma Academia Oxon et ejusdem Academie commissarius, xxxvij annorum etatis aut circiter, libere (ut dicit) condicionis, testis super articulis ex parte serenissimorum dominorum Philippi et Marie Anglie Regis et Regine contra dominum Thomam Cranmerum assertum Episcopum Cantuar datis et propositis productus, juratus et examinatus, primo de partium noticia dicit, quod illustrissimum dominum Philippum. Anglie Regem primo Winton tempore nuptiarum inter eum et serenissimam dominam Mariam Anglie Reginam celebrat vidit, quodque citra pluries eum vidit; et dicit quod prefatam serenissimam dominam Mariam Anglie Reginam per octo aut novem annos aut circiter ac Thomam Cranmerum per xvi annos aut circiter novit. Ad primum secundum tercium quartum quintum et sextum articulos predictos dicit, quod super contentis in eisdem aliter deponere nescit quam ex ipsius Thome confessione tam hesterna luce, viz. xij die hujus mensis Septembris, coram reverendo patre domino Jacobo Glocestren episcopo Subdelegato in hae causa judicialiter et publice facta, quam etiam antea isti jurato per eundem dominum Thomam Cranmerum declarata, atque ex publica et communi voce et fama super contentis in eisdem tam in utraque Universitate viz. Oxonien et Cantabrigien’ ac in pluribus aliis locis publicis hujus regni Anglie laborante; tamen dicit quod firmiter credit contenta in eisdem fuisse et esse vera: et aliter dicit quod super contentis in hujusmodi articulis nescit deponere. Ad septimum articulum dicit et deponit iste juratus, quod tam liber vocatus “A discourse of the true and catholike faithe” etc. Cathachismus brevis” etc. cum articulis annexis, quam etiam liber vocatus An aunswer of the most reuerende father in God Thomas Archebushop of Canterbury” etc. editi, publicati, et in publico producti et destinati fuerunt sub nomine diet domini Thome Cranmeri, atque pro editis per eum publice et communiter dicti, nominati et reputati tam per ipsum Thomam quam per alios quamplurimos, et etiam Judicialiter coram domino Judice Subdelegato predicto xij die hujus mensis Septembris superius mencionat’ sic recognit’ et confessat.” Et ideo iste juratus etiam firmiter credit libros et articulos hujusmodi per ipsum Thomam Cranmerum saltem ejus nomine sic editos publicatosque et omnibus destinatos fuisse: et aliter nescit deponere. Ad octavum et nonum dicit iste juratus, quod firmiter credit contenta in eisdem vera esse ex eo quod sic communiter dicitur etiam ab aliquibus eorum qui articulis hic mencionatis subscripserunt, et quod sic communis fama laboravit de hujus deponentis auditu proprio: et aliter dicit quod mescit deponere. Ad decimum et undecimum dicit iste juratus, quod intra festa Pasche et Pentecostes ad annum elapsum, viz. in anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo quarto jam ult preterit’, presens fuit iste juratus in scola theologica dicte Universitatis Oxonien’, ubi dictus Thomas Cranmerus publice pro viribus defendebat hereses in libris et articulis predictis contentas, viz. denegando presenciam corporis et sanguinis Christi in eucharistia ac transubstancionem panis et vini in corpus et sanguinem Christi, etiam misse sacrificium denegando, propter quod post longam et prolixam disputacionem per quinque aut sex dies idem “Thomas in ea parte convictus fuit: atque sentencia sex virorum doctorum Universitatis Oxon et. sex virorum doctorum Universitatis Cantabrigien’, necnon sex etiam doctorum virorum ex
Convocacione sive Sinodo Cleri tunc Londini celebrat et Oxonie pro dicta disputacione specialiter transmissorum, in choro Ecclesie beate Marie Virginis Oxon predict condempnatus fuit pro heretico, et similiter ejus opiniones predicte pro hereticis dampnate ac condempnate et pronunciate fuerunt: Presentibus tunc ibidem et premissa etiam audientibus venerabilibus viris Will mo Tresham, Richardo Smythe, et Richardo Croke sacre theologie professoribus, Roberto Warde artium magistro, Georgio London sacre theologie baccalario, necnon Hugone Weston sacre theologie professore ac Convocacionis predicte proloquutore, Will mo Chedsey sacre theologie professore, ac Will mo Cole legum doctore, et Morgano Philipps sacre theologie baccalario, cum aliis quamplurimis ad numerum (ut credit) quadringentorum: et aliter dicit quod de contentis in istis articulis deponere nescit. Ad reliquos articulos viz. ad xij xij xiij xv et xvj articulos dicit, et deponit, quod tam racione confessionis prefati Thome Cranmeri hesterna die coram reverendo patre domino Jacobo Brokes Judice in hac parte Subdelegato judicialiter et publice facte, quam etiam racione fame publice et communiter in ea parte tam in hac Academia Oxonien quam etiam in aliis plurimis hujus regni oppidis et locis publicis laborantis, etiam de istius deponentis certo auditu credit contenta in articulis predictis fuisse et esse vera. Et aliter dicit quod de et super contentis in articulis predictis nescit deponere, dicitque iste juratus quod non est doctus neque instructus preceve aut precio in hac parte corruptus.
TENorEs autem mandati nostri citatorii predicti una cum certificatorio in dorso ejusdem, necnon articulorum et scedule annexe, ac instrumenti publici de quibus superius fit mencio, seriatim sequuntur et sunt tales. Jacosvs BrokEs permissione divina Gloces-tren’ Episcopus reverendissimi in Christo patris et domini domini Jacobi miseracione divina tituli sancte Marie in via sacrosancte Romane ecclesie presbyteri Cardinalis de Puteo nuncupati, cause et causis ac partibus infra nominatis Judicis et Commissarii a sanctissimo domino nostro Papa specialiter deputati, una cum reverendo in Christo patre Wigorn’ Episcopo ac venerabilibus viris Decano Londonien’ et Archidiacono Cantuarien cum illa clausula et vestrum cuilibet insolid’ etc. sub modo et forma infrascript. Judex Sub-delegatus sive Commissarius sufücienter et legitime deputatus universis et singulis prepositis decanis archidiaconis prebendariis rectoribusque vicariis capellanis curatis et non curatis scolaribus ac notariis publicis et tabellionibus clericisque et literatis quibuscumque per provinciam Cantuar ac alias ubilibet constitutis, Salutem in Domino, ac nostris hujusmodi et dicti reverendissimi domini Cardinalis Judicis delegati antedicti, immo verius apostolicis, volentibus firmiter obedire mandatis literas commissionales sive subdelegatorias prefati reverendissimi patris et domini domini Jacobi Cardinalis et Judicis delegati predicti ipsius sigillo cera rubea impressa in quadam alba lignea capsula inclusa cum cordulis rubei coloris oblongo dependentibus sigillat’ ac signo, nomine et subscripcione providi viri Claudii Badii clerici Bismitin’ dioces publici auctoritate apostolica et imperiali ut apparuit Notarii munitas et subscriptas, non viciatas, non rasas, non obolitas, non cancellatas, nec in aliqua sui parte suspectas, sed sanas et integras ac omni vicio et sinistra suspicione carentes, Nobis directas et per partem illustrissimorum serenissimorumque Philippi et Marie Dei gratia Anglie Regis et Regine in ipsis literis commissionalibus nominat anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo quinto inditione decima tercia pontificatus dicti sanctissimi domini nostri Pauli Pape eo nomine quarti anno primo, mensis vero Septembris die nono, in Ecclesia parochiali dive Virginis Marie in Alma Academia Oxoniensi scituat’ realiter presentatas: Noveritis nos cum ea qua decuit reverencia recepisse tenorem infra scriptum in se continentem, JacoBus. miseracione divina tituli sancte Marie in via sacrosancte. Romane ecclesie presbiter Cardinalis de Puteo nuncupatus, causeque et causis ac partibus infra scriptis Judex ac Com-missarius a sanctissimo domino nostro Papa specialiter deputatus, Reverendis in Christo patribus et dominis dominis Dei et apostolice sedis gracia Wigorn’ et Glocestren Episcopis ac Decano Londonien’ et Archidiacono Cantuar et vestrum cuilibet insolido, Salutem in Domino et presentibus fidem indubiam adhibere ac hujusmodi in commissis diligenciam facere nostrisque hujusmodi, immo verius apostolicis, firmiter obedire mandatis. Noveritis quod nuper sanctissimus in Christo pater et dominus noster dominus Paulus divina providencia Papa quartus quandam commissionis sive supplicacionis papiri scedulam nobis per certos cursores suos presentari fecit, quam nos cum ea qua decuit reve-
rencia recepimus hujusmodi sub tenore motu proprio etc. Quoniam, sicut nuper nobis significatum fuit per literas dilectorum in Christo filiorum nostrorum Philippi Regis et Marie Regine Anglie, Thomas Cranmerus, qui olim sedis apostolice auctoritate metropolitane ecclesie Cantuarien prefectus fuerat, in heresis aliaque tam grandia tamque enormia crimina sit prolapsus, ut non solum dicte metropolitane ecclesie regimine indignum se reddiderit, sed cum omnem fere divini et humani juris racionem abjecisse videatur, majori pena meritum se fecerit, prout etiam ex complurimis dicti regni Anglie prelatorum attestacionibus dicitur apparere, asseriturque etiam omnia esse notoria: Nos de premissis certam aliter quam ut prefertur noticiam non habentes, et tanta crimina (si vera sint) impunita dictamque metropolitanam ecclesiam sine pastore idoneo derelinquere, ad aliquam tamen execucionem aliter quam rei veritate per legitime receptas probaciones habita procedere nolentes, dilecto filio nostro Jacobo tituli sancti Simeonis sancte Romane Cardinali, ut de premissis etiam summarie simpliciter et de plano, sine strepitu et figura judicii ac sine ulla terminorum substancialium vel tele judiciarie observacione, citato dicto Thoma se informet, et quicquid inveniet nobis referat, committimus et mandamus cum potestate in Curia et extra citandi et inhibendi literas compulsoriales generales ac remissorias in forma consueta ad partes decernendi personasque quascumque (si opus esse arbitrabitur) sive ad exhibenda jura sive ad perhibendum testimonium, etiam per censuras ecclesiasticas cogendi et compellendi, seu si pro celeriori expedicione sibi videbitur ad recipiend’ informacionem hujusmodi aliquem probum virum in dignitate ecclesiastica constitutum in partibus illis commorantem cum simili citandi, inhibendi, cogendi, facultatem deputandi ac compellendi et subdelegandi, cumque aliis facultatibus necessariis consuetis et opportunis, presentium tenore committimus et mandamus, non obstan’ constitucione et ordinacione apostolicis dicti regni legibus statutis et consuetudinibus etiam juramento roboratis ceterisque contrariis quibuscunque, statum merita et tenores predictorumque aliorumque forsan latius exprimendorum pro sufficienter expressis habentes. Que quidem commissio binas in ejus fine habebat signaturas, quarum prior talis erat viz. de mandato domini nostri Pape, Audiam, idem reverendissimus dominus Cardinalis citet, decernat, deputet, subdeleget et referat ut petitur. Secunda vero sic subsequebatur viz. placet. J. Cujus quidem commissionis pretextu per nos citacione legitime extra Romanam Curiam et ad partes contra et adversus reverendum patrem dominum Thomam Cranmerum prefect” metropolitane ecclesie Cantuar in forma solita et consueta decreta et concessa. Subsequenter vero constitutus legitime coram nobis providus vir, magister Petrus Reni-lius, in Romana Curia causarum et serenissimorum Philippi Regis et Marie Regine Anglie procurator assertus, prout de sue procuracionis mandato nobis legitimam promisit facere fidem et eo nomine procuratorio et ad recipiend’ informacionem contentorum in preinserta commissione aliquem probum virum in dignitate ecclesiastica constitutum in partibus illis commorantem juxta et secundum predicte commissionis vim, formam, continenciam, et tenorem subdelegari, vicesque nostras committi per nos debita cum instancia postulavit. Nos tunc Jacobus Puteus Cardinalis et Judex prefatus, attendentes postulacionem hujusmodi fore justam et racioni consonam, vos reverendos dominos Wigornien’ et Glocestren Episcopos ac Decanum Londonien’ et Archidiaconum Can-tuarien’ et vestrum quemlibet insolid’ ad recipiend’ informacionem premissorum narratorum et contentorum in preinserta commissione juxta dicte commissionis vim, formam, continenciam, et tenorem subdelegand’ ac vices nostras committend’ duximus, et per presentes subdelegamus et committimus has nostras literas nostro sigillo munitas decernentes. Que omnia et singula premissa vobis omnibus et singulis predictis intimamus, insinuamus, et notificamus, ac ad vestram et cujuslibet vestrum noticiam deducimus et deduci volumus per presentes. In quorum omnium et singulorum fidem et testimonium premissorum presentes literas sive presens publicum instrumentum, hujusmodi subdelegacionem in se continentes sive continens, exinde fieri et per notarium publicum nostrumque et hujusmodi cause coram nobis scribam infra scriptum subscribi et publicari mandavimus, sigillique nostri jussimus et fecimus appensione communiri. Dat et actum Rome in domo habitacionis nostre solite residen’ sub anno a Nativitate Domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo quinto, indictione decima tercia, die vero Mercurii decima nona mensis Junii, pontificatus sanctissimi in Christo patris et domini nostri domini Pauli divina providencia Pape quarti anno ejus primo: Presentibus ibidem
venerabilibus viris dominis Menelao de Bazzanis et Augustino Ferragutt clericis, Par-men et Majoricen’ respective civitatum testibus ad premissa vocatis specialiter et rogatis et speciales, et ego Claudius Badius clerieus Bismitin’ diocesis, publicus apostolica et imperiali auctoritatibus notarius reverendissimique domini Cardinalis prefati et hujus cause coram eo in locum venerabilis viri domini Parii de Fabianis clerici Arben’ notarii scriba deputatus: Quia dict subdelegacioni, peticioni, et decreto, omnibusque aliis et singulis premissis, dum sic ut premittitur fierent et agerentur, una cum prenominatis testibus presens interfui, eaque omnia et singula sic fieri vidi et audivi ac in notam sumpsi, ex qua presens publicum instrumentum manu alterius scriptum exinde confeci et subscripsi, signoque et nomine meis solitis et consuetis una cum ipsius reverendissimi Cardinalis sigilli appensione signavi in fidem premissorum rogatus et requisitus: Post quarum quidem literarum commissionalium predict presentacionem et earum recepcionem nobis et per nos sic ut premittitur fact fuimus per partem prefatorum illustrissimorum Regis et Regine debita cum instancia requisiti, quatenus onus execucionis earundem literarum et contentorum in eisdem in nos assumere, et eas juxta formam in eis annotatam et secundum juris exigentiam debite exequi et citacionem legitimam contra et adversus prenominatum Thomam Cranmerum pro Cantuar Archiepiscopo se gerentem in predictis literis ex adverso principaliter nominatum, sub modo et forma inferius descript’ decernere et concedere dignaremur. Unde nos Jacobus Episcopus et Subdelegatus sive Commissarius antedictus, attendentes requisicionem hujusmodi nobis ut premittitur factam justam fore et racioni consonam, ob reverenciam dicti reverendissimi domini Cardinalis Judicis delegati committentis onus commissionis hujusmodi in nos assumentes, necnon juxta ipsius commissionis vim, formam, et effectum procedere volentes in hac parte, citacionem hujusmodi etiam ad diem et locum inferius descript’ fieri decernimus, justicia id poscente. Vobis igitur conjunctim et divisim auctoritate apostolica (qua fungimur in hac parte) committimus et firmiter injungendo mandamus, quatenus citetis seu citari faciatis peremptorie prefatum Thomam Cranmerum Archiepiscopum assertum antedicium, quod compareat coram nobis in Ecclesia parochiali dive Virginis Marie in Alma Academia Oxon situat’ duodecimo viz. die instantis mensis Septembris hora octava ante meridiem ejusdem diei cum continuacione et prorogacione dierum, horarum, et locorum tunc sequend’ et limitand’, si oporteat in hac parte fiend causam racionabilem et legitimam, si qua pro se habeat aut dicere sciat, objectionemve sive excepcionem si quam proponere, facere, aut objicere velit aut possit contra literas sive instrumentum subdelegacionis predict aut contra articulos in hac parte datos seu contra instrumenta processum sive jura aliqua in hac parte producta in debita juris forma dictur’ ostensur’ et allegatur’; necnon testes aliasque probaciones super articulis ceterisque juribus et instrumentis hujusmodi produci, jurari, et fieri visur et auditur, interrogatoriaque si quedare voluerit datur et ministratur, necnon ad omnia et singula acta in hac parte necessaria atque juxta premissa et juxta vim, formam, et tenorem literarum commissionalium sive subdelegatoriarum predictarum successive expediend’ processur et procedi visur ulteriusque factur et receptur quod tenor et effectus dictarum literarum commissionalium sive subdelegatoriarum et contenta in eisdem de se exigunt et requirunt, et quod justicia in hac parte suadebit, intimantes nihilominus eidem Thome Cranmero Archiepiscopo asserto sic citato, quod sive ipse in dicto citacionis et decreti nostri hujusmodi termino comparuerit sive non, Nos juxta juris exigentiam ac juxta vim, formam, tenorem et effectum dictarum literarum commissionalium sive subdelegatoriarum tam ad testium productionem, juramenti prestacionem, et eorum examinacionem, ceterorumque probacionem recepcionem et admissionem, quam etiam ad omnia et singula acta necessaria in hac parte successive expediend’, prout justum fuerit, procedemus ipsius Thome citati absencia sive contumacia in aliquo non obstante. Et quid in premissis feceritis, nos Subdele-gatum antedictum dictis die et loco debite certificet ille vestrum qui presens nostrum mandatum fuerit executus personaliter vel per suas literas patentes harum seriem in se continentes una cum presentibus auctentice sigillat. In cujus rei testimonium sigillum nostrum presentibus apposuimus. Dat nono die mensis Septembris anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo quinto. IN DEI NoMINE AMEN. Universis et singulis presens publicum instrumentum inspecturis pateat evidenter et sit notum, quod anno a Nativitate Domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo quinto, indictione decima tercia
pontificatusque sanctissimi in Christo patris et domini nostri domini Pauli divina providencia hujus nominis Pape quarti anno ejus primo, mensis vero Septembris die nono, in domo Rogeri Taylor alias Cooke infra parochiam beate Marie Magdalene in suburbiis civitatis Oxon” diocesisque Oxon notorie situat’, in providi et circumspecti viri domini Johannis Clerk notarii publici subscripti testiumque infra nominatorum ad hzc specialiter vocatorum et rogatorum presencia, Ego Christoferus Smythe notarius publicus ac mandatarius in hac parte specialiter deputatus juratusque et admissus ex parte illustrissimorum serenissimorumque Philippi et Marie Anglie Regis et Regine in retroscriptis literis citatoriis principaliter nominatorum, ad assumend’ in me execucionem retroscriptarum literarum citatoriarum et ad illas exequend’ instanter requisitus, tanquam obediencie filius, literas hujusmodi humiliter et reverenter recepi, ac ipsarum execucionem juxta offieii mei debitum suscepi, et eidem “Thome Cranmero ex adverso principali in retroscriptis literis ex adverso principaliter nominato presenti easdem literis et contenta in eisdem insinuavi, publicavi, notificavi et ad ejus noticiam, quantum melius potui et debui, deduxi, ac earundem vigore eundem “Thomam citavi, quatenus post hujus citacionis execucionem infra terminum in ea prefixum in judicio coram reverendo in Christo patre et domino domino Jacobo permissione divina Glocestren Episcopo, reverendissimi in Christo patris et domini domini Jacobi miseracione divina tituli sancte Marie in via sacrosancte Romane ecclesie presbyteri Cardinalis de Puteo nuncupati cause et causis ac partibus infra nominatis Judicis et Commissarii a dicto sanctissimo domino nostro Papa specialiter deputati sub modo et forma infraseript Judice Subdelegato sive Commissario, sufficienter et legitime deputato, in retroscriptis literis nominato modo et forma in eisdem literis expressis, compareat, et alias dictas citatorias literas juxta vim, formam, tenorem et effectum earundem executus fui, nihil de contentis in eisdem omittendo, et in signum vere et realis execucionis hujusmodi ipsi Thome veram earundem literarum copiam, necnon copiam veram articulorum, capitulorum, sive interrogatoriorum ex parte dictorum serenissimorum dominorum nostrorum Regis et Regine in hac parte contra eum proposit’ dat et exhibit collacionatas, ac manu et signo dicti domini Johannis Clerk notarii publici predicti, ac hujus cause in actorum scribam specialiter assumpti, subscriptas et firmatas, una cum libris, munimentis, et documentis in ipsis articulis sive capitulis specificatis, et in hac parte coram retro nominato domino Subdelegato etiam exhibitis, tradidi et dimisi. Super quibus omnibus et singulis tam Ego notarius et mandatarius antedictus, quam etiam prefatus dominus Johannes Clerk notarius publicus predictus, tunc etiam personaliter presens ex parte dictorum serenissimorum dominorum nostrorum Regis et Regine, et eorum nomine ad conficiend’ instrumentum sive instrumenta publicum seu publica unum vel plura, ac testes infra nominatos inde testimonium perhibere specialiter fuimus respective requisiti. Acta fuerunt hec omnia et singula prout suprascribuntur et recitantur sub anno Domini indictione pontificatusque ac mense die et loco supradictis: Presentibus tunc ibidem Griffino Willyams Oxon commorante, et Thoma Owen London commorante, notariis publicis, ac Rogero Taylor alias Cooke Oxon dioc” et Rolando Grene literato London etiam commorante, Testibus ad premissa vocatis specialiter et rogatis. Et ego Christoferus Smythe Lincoln diocesis publicus (apostolica auctoritate) notarius, quia dictam citacionem contra memoratum dominum Thomam Cranmerum modo et forma quibus supra debite executus fui, omnibusque aliis et singulis premissis, dum sic ut premittitur sub anno Domini indictione pontificatusque ac mense die et loco supradictis fierent et agerentur (una cum prenominato domino Johanne Clerk notario publico et actorum scriba predicto hic inferius se subscribente) prenominatisque testibus presens personaliter interfui, eaque omnia et singula sic feci, executus fui, et expedivi ac in notam sumpsi. Ideo hoc presens pubThe device licum instrumentum manu mea propria exinde confeci, scripsi et subscripsi, signoque^ qm of the et nomine meis solitis et consuetis una cum signo et nomine prefati J ohannis Clerk notari predicti atque diet reverendi patris domini Jacobi Glocestren Episcopi subdelegati supradicti sigilli appensione signavi in fidem premissorum rogatus specialiter et requisitus. Et ego Johannes Clerk, Bathon’ et Wellen’ diocesis publicus sacra auctoritate apostolica notarius, et alme Curie Cantuarien procuratorum generalium unus, in causaque ef causis retroscriptis actorum scriba specialiter assumptus, admissus, et assignatus, Quia dictarum literarum citatoriarum recepcioni et execucioni ac vere copie earum
etiam manu nomineque et signo meis propriis et solitis signate et firmate tradicioni ceterisque premissis omnibus et singulis, dum sic ut premittitur sub anno Domini indictione pontificat’ menseque ac die et loco superius specificatis agerentur et fierent, una eum memorato domino Christofero Symthe notario publico et mandatario predicto (ut prefertur) se superius subscribente testibusque prenominatis presens personaliter interfui, eaque omnia et singula sic fieri vidi, scivi, et audivi, Ideo hoc presens publicum instrumentum, manu propria supra nominati domini Christoferi Smythe notarii publici predicti scriptum et exinde confectum, etiam subscripsi, signoque et nomine meis solitis et consuetis signavi una cum appensione sigilli supradicti reverendi domini Subdelegati in fidem et testimonium premissorum rogatus (ut prefertur) et requisitus. Iw DEI NOMINE AMEN coram vobis reverendo in Christo patre et domino domino Jacobo permissione divina Glocestren Episcopo, reverendissimi in Christo patris et domini domini Jacobi miseracione divina tituli sancte Marie in via sacrosancte Romane ecclesie presbiteri Cardinalis de Puteo nuncupati, a sanctissimo domino nostro domino Paulo divina providencia illius nominis Papa quarto Judicis delegati, Commissario sive Subdelegato in hae parte sufficienter auctorisato, Articulos, capitula, posiciones sive interrogatoria infra scripta, ac omnia et singula in eisdem contenta, omnibus melioribus validioribusque et efficatioribus via modo et juris forma, quibus melius validius et efficatius de jure potuit aut debeat atque ad omnem juris effectum exinde sequi valen’ Procurator, et eo nomine illustrissimorum serenissimorumque principum Philippi et Marie Anglie Regis et Regine contra et adversus Thomam Cranmerum pro Archiepiscopo metropolitane ecclesie Cantuar se gerentem dat, proponit, et exhibet conjunctim et divisim ac articulatim prout sequitur. In primis procurator dictorum illustrissimorum Regis et Regine ac procuratorio nomine pro eisdem ponit et articulatur, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, Quod idem Thomas Craumerus ad viginti seu circiter annos elapsos in Archiepiscopum Can-tuarien’ (tunc ipsa sede Archiepiscopali et ecclesia metropolitana Cantuar per mortem recolende memorie Will mi Warrham ultimi Archiepiscopi ibidem et illius Thome immediati predecessoris vacante) auctoritate sedis apostolice utcumque prefectus fuit, atque per nonnullos citra annos pro Archiepiscopo metropolitanoque ejusdem ecclesie metropolitice se gessit, et aliquo modo se gerit pretenditque in presenti, hocque fuit et est verum, publicum, notorium, manifestum pariter et famosum: ponit et articulatur conjunctim, divisim, et de quolibet. Item ponit et articulatur, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, procurator prefatus et procuratorio nomine quo supra, Quod olim antequam dictus Thomas Cranmerus dicte Cantuar ecclesie (ut prefertur) prefectus fuit, et ante ullos sacros ordines ab eo susceptos, ad xxx et ultra annos elapsos quandam mulierem communiter et vulgo nominatam Johannam alias “black Johanne of the dolphin” in Cantabrigia Elien’ diocesis (seu alio forsan nomine sive cognomine vocatam) in uxorem duxit: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, procurator antedictus, Quod dictus Thomas Cranmerus post mortem dicte uxoris sue, presbiter effectus ac in sacro ordine sacerdotali constitutus, quandam aliam mulierem Annam nominatam, seu forsan aliter vocatam de facto quum de jure non deberet, in suam conjugem accepit, et in Archiepiscopum Cantuar auctoritate predicta utcumque prefectus fuit: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, idem procurator, Quod ipse Thomas Cranmerus mulierem hujusmodi sic per eum secundo tanquam uxorem acceptam pro uxore usque ad mortem Henrici octavi nuper Anglie Regis, clanculum tamen et (ut fieri potuit) secrete tenuit, habuit, et custodivit. Item procurator predictus ponit et articulatur, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, Quod memoratus Thomas Cranmerus a morte dicti Regis Henrici et tempore Edwardi sexti tunc immediate Anglie Regis eandem mulierem sic secundo acceptam non secrete, ut prius, sed palam, publice, notorieque et manifeste citra ullum pudorem et verecundiam tanquam suam uxorem et pro sua uxore tam in mensa quam alibi de facto tenuit, acceptavit, et tractavit, et cum ea tanquam cum sua uxore cohabitavit, prolesque et liberos multos ex eadem suscitavit et habuit: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur antedictus procurator, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, Quod dictus Thomas Cranmerus, adeo impudens existens ut turpitudinem suam in hac parte manifeste jactando detegeret, et in publicum totius hujus regni Anglie conspectum notorie deduceret, tempore dicti Regis Edwardi (et ipso regnante) publice asseruit et
affirmavit, inter cetera, se dictam mulierem secundam ex multis antea annis in uxorem suscepisse et cum ea cohabitasse, necnon proles et liberos (ut prefertur) ab eadem suscitasse: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur procurator antedictus, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, Quod prelibatus Thomas Cranmerus ad profundum malorum veniens (Christiana fide et religione penitus contemptis) in hereses of the sacra: suas, quas longe antea imbiberat, et maxime contra venerabile eucharistie Christe ete. 4. Sacramentum, libros una cum copia istorum articulorum sibi ostensos, propoupper stomp sitos et traditos, ac in margine i articuli expressos sive designatos, eorum doctor. Petir Mar. gue m dia fn et e ft edidit lingua partim Latina parti discipline etc. Ar- glicana saltem sic edi imprimique et orbi publicari fecit etiam suo noquibus in e eue mine, ipsasque hereses publice asseruit et docuit: ponit ut supra. Item ponit ui the metro eb articulatur procurator supra nominatus, et si negatum fuerit probare inhoshisticall cavi. tendits Quod prefatus Thomas Cranmerus articulis quibusdam hereticis, by Steven Gar- maxime inter cetera contra veritatem veramque presentiam corporis et sanguinis Christi in eucharistia editis et conceptis, verumque et reale ac perfectum Christi corpus in ipso sacramento sub specie sive forma panis et vini notorie denegantibus, sub nomine Cleri Cantuarien falso editis et publicatis, pastores, rectores et ecclesiarum curatos non paucos subscribere coegit, fecit et compulit: ponit et articulatur ut supra. ltem procurator antedictus ponit et articulatur, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, Quod dictus Thomas, quia libros et articulos antedictos modis quibus potuit non cessabat defendere, tum ut factionis et heresis sue participes in impietate retineret, tum ut alios ad eandem nequiciam pertraheret, auctoritate serenissime domine Marie Regine predicte (et ejus consiliariis suadentibus) e turri et carcere Lon-don’, ubi ob sua enormia nephandaque scelera, delicta, et crimina detentus fuit, ad Academiam Oxonien, ubi tunc parliamentum futur sperabatur, mittebatur: Hocque fuit et est verum, publicum, notorium, manifestum pariter et famosum: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, procurator antedietus, Quod idem Thomas Cranmerus in dicta Academia Oxonien (publica disputacione secum ex more scolarum habita) libros et articulos predictos publice pro viribus defendebat, et sic quatenus potuit defendens exsibilatus et convictus fuit: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur procurator sepe dictus, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, Quod memoratus Thomas Cranmerus, quia sic libros, articulos, et hereses predict pro viribus defendebat, et quia modo premisso convictus cedere et ab eisdem recedere pertinaciter recusavit, scolastico et academico Oxonien decreto pro heretico et impio execratoque pronunciatus fuit et declaratus, librique et articuli predicti pro hereticis impiis et execratis pronunciati similiter et declarati fuerunt: ponit et articulatur ut supra. ltem ponit et articulatur procurator predictus, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, Quod prefatus Thomas Cranmerus fuit et est merus et notorius schismaticus, ex eo presertim quod non solum ab unitate catholice et universalis ecclesie ipsiusque ecclesie constitucionibus, ordinacionibus, ritibus, decretis, sanisque doctrinis et determinacionibus variis et innumeris modis, atque a sede apostolica ecclesiaque Romana totius ecclesie catholice sola matrice summoque et Romano pontifice et domino nostro Papa ejusdem eeclesie catholice et universalis solo sub Christo capite, recessit, verum etiam ex eo quod tum hujus regni Anglie Regem Henricum octavum, tum etiam plures alios hujus regni Anglie episcopos, prelatos, et proceres et magnates, atque utriusque sexus personas quamplurimas, sic recedere summoque pontifici et ejus ac sedis apostolice auctoritati renunciare procuravit et fecit, e£ in ea parte ejus consilium et auxilium adhibuit, etiam pluribus et variis modis quosdam eorum ad sic recedendum et renunciandum compulit et coegit, necnon in ea parte specialis precipuusque et principalis seu quasi instigator et fautor fuit, pro talique et ut talis fuit et est communiter dictus, tentus, habitus, nominatus et reputatus palam, publice et notorie: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, sepe dictus procurator, Quod prefatus Thomas Cranmerus auctoritate sedis apostolice et domini nostri Pape Cantuarien Archiepiscopus (ut prefertur) consecratus et prefectus (inter cetera tempore consecrationis sue hujusmodi paulove antea aut citra) fidelitatem et obedienciam beato: Petro sancteque et apostolice Romane ecclesie et sanctissimo domino nostro Pape tunc existenti ejusque successoribus juxta tenorem scedule presentibus annexe saltem in effectu.
prestitit, et in ea parte juramentum ad sancta Dei evangelia subivit: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur procurator predictus, Quod dictus Thomas Cranmerus ejus fidelitatis obediencieque et juramenti prestacione predictis et ceteris premissis non obstantibus (sed penitus spretis et postpositis) spiritu perversi consilii ductos, immo verius seductos, non solum modo premisso ab ecclesie unitate sedeque apostolica et domino nostro domino Papa ejusque auctoritate recessit, et alios supra nominatos recedere et (ut prefertur) renunciare fecit, procuravit, et coegit, in plurimasque et varias hereses lapsus sit; verum etiam ipsius summi pontificis et sedis apostolice auctoritatem in se assumere et usurpare presumendo, saltem prophana et illicita auctoritate utendo (et omnino absque hujusmodi summi pontificis et sedis apostolice auctoritate) tam episcopos consecrare ceteraque ad solam sedem apostolicam et dominum nostrum Papam et ad nullum alium spectantia attemptare et peragere presumpsit: Quorum premissorum pretextu idem Thomas Cranmerus tum reatum crimenque heresis et schismatis, tum etiam reatum perjurii etiam voluntarii, notorie et manifeste incurrebat et incurrit: Hocque fuit et est verum, publicum, notorium, manifestum pariter et famosum: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur procurator predictus, et si negatum fuerit probare intendit, Quod licet hujus regni Anglie subditi et utriusque sexus persone nuper ad octo seu novem menses aut circiter elapsos a schismate pernicioso, quo hoc regnum antea pestifere infectum fuit, recesserunt, atque ad ecclesie unitatem redierunt, sedisque apostolice et sacrosancte Romane ecclesie ac domini nostri domini Pape auctoritatem receperunt, acceptarunt et admiserunt, et in ea parte a schismate et ab heresibus quibus infecti et involuti fuerunt reconciliacionem auctoritate dicte sedis apostolice et domini nostri Pape obtinuerunt, Prefatus tamen Thomas Cranmerus animo perverso, indurato corde, in heresibus suis et in schismatis reatu (quibus antea infectus fuit) adhuc involutus remanet et jacet infectus, atque se in ea parte debite reconciliare ejusque heresi errori et schismati renunciare ad unitatemque ecclesie catholice et dominum nostrum Papam summumque pontificem caput ejusdem ecclesie redire contempsit et neglexit, ac sic pertinaciter contempnit et negligit in presenti: Hocque fuit et est verum, publicum, notorium, manifestum pariter et famosum: ponit et articulatur ut supra. Item ponit et articulatur procurator predictus, ac si negatum fuerit probare intendit, Quod premissa omnia et singula presertim in hoc regno Anglie fuerunt et sunt vera, publica, notoria, manifesta pariter et famosa apud omnis ordinis homines, etiam tam publica, vera, notoria, manifesta et famosa, quod ulla tergiversacione celari non possunt, atque pro talibus et ut talia taliterque facta et perpetrata communiter dicta, tenta, habita, nominata et reputata palam, publice et notorie. UNDE petit procurator illustrissimorum et serenissimorum dominorum Regisset Regine predict ac procuratorio nomine pro eisdem jus et justiciam de et super premissis et ea continentibus quibuscunque conjunctim et divisim fieri et ministrari: Non arctans se ad omnia et singula premissa probanda, nec ad onus superflue probacionis eorundem de quo protestatur specialiter in hac parte, Juris beneficio in omnibus semper salvo ae vestrum officium, domine Judex, antedict’ in hac parte humiliter implorando. In DEI NOMINE AMEN. Ego Thomas electus Cantuarien ab hac hora inantea fidelis et obediens ero beato Petro sancteque apostolice Romane ecclesie ac domino nostro domino Clementi Pape septimo suisque successoribus canonici intrantibus. Non ero in consilio aut consensu vel facto ut vitam perdant aut membrum, seu capiantur aut in eos manus violenter quomodolibet ingerantur, vel injurie alique inferantur quovisquesito colore. Consilium vero quod mihi credituri sunt per se aut nuncios seu literas, ad eorum dampnum (me sciente) nemini pandam. Papatum Romanum et regalia sancti Petri adjutor eis ero ad retinendum et defendendum contra omnem hominem. Legatum apostolice sedis in eundo et redeundo honorifice tractabo et in suis necessitatibus adjuvabo. Jura, honores, privilegia, et auctoritatem Romane ecclesie et domini nostri Pape et successorum predictorum conservare et defendere, augere et promovere curabo, nec ero in consilio vel tractatu in quibus contra ipsum dominum nostrum vel eandem Romanam ecclesiam aliqua sinistra vel prejudicialia personarum, juris, honoris, status, et potestatis eorum machinentur; et si talia a quibuscumque procurari novero (vel tractari), impediam hoc pro posse, et quantocius potero commode significabo eidem domino nostro vel alteri per quem ad ipsius noticiam pervenire possit. Regulas sanctorum patrum, decreta, ordinaciones, sentencias, disposiciones, reservaciones, provisiones, et mandata apostolica totis.
viribus observabo et faciam ab aliis observari. Hereticos, schismaticos, et rebelles domino nostro et successoribus predictis pro posse persequar et impugnabo. Vocatus ad sinodum veniam, nisi prepeditus fuero canonica prepedicione. Apostolorum limina Romana Curia existentia citra singulis annis, ultra vero montes singulis bienniis visitabo aut per me aut per meum nuncium, nisi apostolica absolvar licencia. Possessiones vero ad mensam meam pertinentes non vendam neque donabo nec impignorabo, neque de novo infeudabo vel aliquo modo alienabo etiam cum consensu capituli ecclesie mee, inconsulto Romano pontifice. Sic me Deus adjuvet et hec sancta Dei Evangelia.—IN per NowINE AMEN. Per presentis publici Instrumenti seriem cunctis appareat evidenter et sit notum, quod anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo tricesimo tercio, indictione sexta, regni illustrissimi metuendissimi ac invictissimi principis et domini nostri supremi Henrici octavi, Dei gracia Anglie et Francie Regis, fidei defensoris, et domini Hibernie excellentissimi, anno vicesimo quarto, mensis vero Marcii die tricesimo, in domo capitulari Collegii Regii sancti Stephani prothomartyris prope palacium Regium Westm’ London diocesis notorie situat’, constitutus personaliter reverendissimus in Christo pater dominus Thomas in Cant Archiepiscopum (ut dicebat) electus, in mea prothonotari Regii ac notarii subscripti ac venerabilium virorum magistri Johannis Tregonwell legum doctoris, et Thome Bedyll clerici a consiliis dicti domini nostri Regis, Richardi Gwent decretorum doctoris Curie Cantuar Officialis principalis, et Johannis Cocks legum doctoris, dicti reverendissimi patris audiencie causarum et negociorum Auditoris ac Vicarii in spiritualibus generalis, testium in hac parte specialiter adhibitorum presentia, protestaciones quasdam fecit, legit, et interposuit, ac cetera fecit prout in quadam papiri scedula quam tunc ibidem in manibus suis tenuit et perlegit plenius continebatur. Cujus quidem scedule verus tenor (nil addito vel dempto) de verbo ad verbum sequitur et est talis: IN pE: NoMINE AMEN. Coram vobis auctentica persona et testibus fide dignis hie presentibus, Ego Thomas in Cant Archiepiscopum electus dico, allego, et in hiis scriptis palam publice et expresse pro- testor quod cum juramentum sive juramenta ab electis in Cant Archiepiscopos summo pontifici prestari solita me ante meam: consecracionem aut tempore ejusdem pro forma potius quam pro esse aut re obligatoria ad illam obtinend’ oporteat, non est nec erit mee voluntatis aut intencionis per hujusmodi juramentum vel juramenta, qualitercunque verba in ipsis posita sonare videbuntur, me obligare ad aliquod racione eorundem posthae dicendum, faciendum, aut attemptandum, quod erit aut esse videbitur contra legem Dei vel contra ilustrissimum Regem nostrum Anglie aut rempublicam hujus sui regni Anglie, legesve aut prerogativas ejusdem: Et quod non intendo per hujusmodi juramentum aut juramenta quovismodo me obligare, quo minus libere loqui, consulere et consentire valeam in omnibus et singulis reformacionem religienis Christiane, gubernacionem ecclesie Anglicane, aut prerogativam corone ejusdem reipubliceve commoditatem quoquomodo concernen’, et ea ubique exequi et reformare que michi in Ecclesia Anglicana reformanda videbuntur. Et secundum hane interpretacionem et intellectum hune, et non aliter neque alio modo, dicta juramenta me prestaturum protestor et profiteor: protestorque insuper, quodcunque juramentum sit quod meus procurator summo pontifici meo nomine antehac prestitit, quod non erat intencionis aut voluntatis mee sibi aliquam dare potestatem, cujus vigore aliquod juramentum meo nomine prestare potuerit contrarium aut repugnans juramento per me prestito aut imposterum prestando prefato illustrissimo Anglie Regi Et casu quo aliquod tale contrarium aut repugnans juramentum meo nomine prestitit, protestor quod illud me inscio et absque mea auctoritate prestitum pro nullo et invalido esse volo. Quas protestaciones iu omnibus clausulis et sentenciis dictorum juramentorum repetitas et reiteratas volo, a quibus per aliquod meum factum vel dictum quovismodo recedere non intendo nec recedam, sed eas mihi semper salvas esse volo. Super quibus omnibus et singulis premissis dietus reverendissimus pater me prothonotarium et notarium predictum unum vel plura publicum seu publica instrumentum sive instrumenta exinde conficere, ac testes superius nominatos testimonium perhibere rogavit et requisivit. Et deinde die, mense, et anno predictis dictus reverendissimus dominus Thomas electus in me[a] et prelibatorum venerabilium virorum presentia testium ad hoc etiam adhibitorum diet! domum capitularem exivit, et ad gradus summi altar diet Collegii vestibus sacerdotalibus amictus ad recipiendum munus consecracionis perrexit, ac ibidem coram reverendo in
Christo patre domino Johanne permissione divina Lincoln Episcopo pontificalibus induto super cathedram honorifice ornatam sedente, reverendis patribus Johanne Exon’ et Henrico Assaven’ Episcopis eidem Lincoln Episcopo in actu consecracionis dicti reverendissimi electi assistentibus, genibus innixus quandam pergameni scedulam tenoris sequentis, viz. IN per NowINE AMEN. Ego, Thomas electus Cantuarien ab hac hora inantea fidelis et obediens ero beato Petro sancteque apostolice Romane ecclesie ac domino nostro domino Clementi Pape septimo suisque successoribus canonice intrantibus. Non ero in consilio aut consensu vel facto ut vitam perdant aut membrum, seu capiantur, aut in eos manus violenter quomodolibet ingerantur, vel injurie alique inferantur quovisquesito colore. Consilium vero, quod mihi credituri sunt per se aut nuncios seu literas, ad eorum dampnum (me sciente) nemini pandam. Papatum Romanum et regalia sancti Petri adjutor eis ero ad retinendum et defendendum contra omnem hominem. Legatum apostolice sedis in eundo et redeundo honorifice tractabo, et in suis necessitatibus adjuvabo. Jura, honores, privilegia, et auctoritatem Romane ecclesie, domini nostri Pape et successorum suorum predictorum, conservare et defendere, augere et promovere curabo. Nec ero in consilio vel tractatu quibus contra ipsum dominum nostrum vel eandem Romanam ecclesiam aliqua sinistra vel prejudicialia personarum, juris, honoris, status et potestatis eorum a machinentur; et si talia a quibuscunque procurari novero vel tractari, impediam hoc pro posse, et quantocius potero commode significabo eidem domino nostro vel alteri per quem ad ipsius noticiam pervenire possit. Regulas sanctorum patrum, decreta, ordinaciones, sentencias, disposiciones, reservaciones, provisiones et mandata apostolica totis viribus observabo et faciam ab aliis observari. Hereticos, scismaticos, et rebelles domino nostro et successoribus predictis pro posse persequar et impugnabo. Vocatus ad sinodum veniam nisi prepeditus fuero canonica prepedicione. Apostolorum limina Romana Curia existentia citra singulis annis, ultra vero montes singulis bienniis, visitabo aut per me aut per meum nuncium, nisi apostolica absolvar licencia. Possessiones vero ad mensam meam pertinentes non vendam neque donabo nec impignorabo neque de novo infeudabo vel aliquo modo alienabo etiam cum consensu capitali ecclesie mee, inconsulto Romano pontifice. Sic me Deus adjuvet et hec sancta Dei Evangelia: manibus suis tenens ante lecturam ejusdem scedule et juramenti in eadem contenti prestacionem in mea et eorundem testium presentia, asseruit et potestatus est se dictam scedulam lecturum ac juramentum inibi insertum prestiturum sub premissis protestacionibus alias per eundem eodem die in dicto domo Capitulari in mea et eorundem testium presentia habitis et factis, et non aliter neque alio modo. Et incontinenter post premissa eandem scedulam perlegit, et ut in eadem continetur juravit. Super quibus assercione et protestacione per eundem modo premisso tunc ibidem factis unum vel plura publicum seu publica exinde conficere instrumentum sive instrumenta ac testes prescriptos testimonium perhibere etiam tunc ibidem rogavit et requisivit. Quibus sic peractis die, mense, et anno predictis, ac solenni consecracione ejusdem reverendissimi patris finita et expedita, idem reverendissimus pater dominus Thomas Cantuar Archiepiscopus ante dictum summum altare pallium recepturus in mea et dictorum mag Johannis Tregunwell, Thome Bedill, et Richardi Gwent testium predictorum ad hoc specialiter adhibitorum presentia, ante prestacionem juramenti infra scripti iterum protestatus est se hujusmodi sequens juramentum sub eisdem protestacionibus ut premittitur in dicto domo Capitulari habitis et factis ac superius descriptis, et non aliter neque alio modo prestiturum et juraturum, ac ibidem immediate post premissa Juramentum sub forma que sequitur—IN per NowINE AMEN. Ego Thomas Archiepiscopus Cant ab hac hora inantea fidelis et obediens ero beato Petro sancteque apostolice Romane ecclesie et domino nostro domino Clementi Pape septimo suisque successoribus canonice intrantibus. Non ero in consilio aut consensu vel facto ut vitam perdant aut membrum, seu capiantur mala capcione. Consilium vero quod mihi credituri sunt per se aut nuncium seu literas, ad eorum dampnum me sciente nemini pandam. Papatum Romanum et regalia sancti Petri adjutor eis ero ad retinendum et defendendum salvo meo ordine contra omnem hominem. Legatum apostolice sedis in eundo et redeundo honorifice tractabo, et in suis necessitatibus adjuvabo. Vocatus ad sinodum veniam nisi prepeditus fuero canonica prepedicione. Apostolorum limina Roman Cur existentia citra singulis annis, ultra vero montes singulis bienniis, visitabo aut per me aut meum nuncium, nisi apostolica absolvar licencia. Possessiones vero ad men- [CRANMER, r1. ] 80
sam mei archiepiscopatus pertinentes non vendam neque donabo nec impignorabo neque de novo infeudabo vel aliquo modo alienabo, inconsulto Romano Pontifice. Sic me Deus adjuvet et hec sancta Dei evangelia—prestitit et juravit.—Super qua protestacione sic ut premittitur per eundem reverendissimum tercio facta et habita, idem reverendissimus pater me prothonotarium et notarium publicum subscriptum unum vel plura publicum seu publica instrumentum sive instrumenta exinde conficere, ac testes predictos testimonium perhibere de et super eisdem etiam tercio rogavit et requisivit. —AcrA fuerunt hec omnia et singula prout supra scribuntur et recitantur respective sub anno Domini, indictione, anno regni Regis predicti mense, die, et locis predictis, presentibus tunc ibidem venerabilibus viris prenominatis testibus ad premissa respective ut premittitur adhibitis et requisitis. Et ego Richardus Watkyns in legibus baccalaurius, dicti domini nostri Regis prothonotarius, quia premissis omnibus et singulis, dum sic ut premittitur sub anno Domini et regni dicti domini nostri Regis mense, die, et loco predictis agebantur et fiebant, una cum prenominatis testibus presens personaliter interfui, eaque omnia et singula sic fieri vidi et audivi ac in notam sumpsi, Ideo hoc presens publicum instrumentum manu alterius (me interim aliter occupato) fideliter scriptum exinde confeci, publicavi, atque in hane publicam formam redegi, ^signavi et nomine meis solitis signavi, rogatus et requisitus in fidem et testimonium omnium et sing- — ]orum premissorum. QUIBUS quidem processis et actis nostris antedictis plenariam et indubitatam fidem tam in judicio quam extra ac alias ubilibet in agendis adhibend’ fore volumus, et per presentes decernimus, Vobisque reverendissimo patri domino Jacobo Cardinali et Delegato antedicto de premissis omnibus et singulis per presentes presentiumque vigore cum omni debita reverencia et honore certificamus, informacionem damus et referimus. IN QUORUM omnium et singulorum fidem et testimonium premissorum presentes literas sive hoc presens publicum instrumentum processum nostrum hujusmodi in se continen’ exinde fieri, et per prefatum providum virum magistrum Johannem Clerk notarium publicum scribam nostrum predict subscribi et publicari mandavimus, nostroque sigillo jussimus et fecimus appensione communiri. Data et acta fuerunt hec omnia et singula prout supra scribuntur et recitantur, sub anno Domini, indictione, pontificatuque ac mense, diebus, et locis superius respective specificatis, presentibus venerabilibus et circumspectis viris et personis superius respective etiam nominatis cum multis et quasi innumeris aliis testibus ad perhibendum exinde testimonium specialiter rogatis et requisitis.
Er Ego Johannes Clerk, Bathon’ et Wellen’ diocesis publicus sacra auctoritate apostolica notarius ac alme Curie Cantuar procuratorum generalium unus, necnon actorum ceterorumque per supra nominatum reverendum dominum Subdelegatum et coram eo habitorum factorum et gestorum scriba in hac parte specialiter assumptus, Quia literarum commissionalium sive subdelegatoriarum predict presentacioni onerisque suscepcioni earundem ac procuratorii exhibitioni et articulorum dationi prefatique domini Thome Cranmeri partis ex adverso principalis responsioni testiumque productioni et examinacioni predictis modo premisso respective factis, atque ceteris premissis omnibus et singulis, dum sic ut premittitur sub anno Domini, indictione, pontificatu menseque ac diebus et locis superius respective specificatis coram prenominato reverendo domino Subdelegato et per eum agerentur et fierent, una cum testibus prenominatis presens personaliter interfui, eaque omnia et singula sic fieri vidi et audivi, Ideo exinde notam sumpsi et hoc presens publicum instrumentum manu aliena (me interim aliis impedito negociis) fideliter scriptum exinde confeci, subscripsi et publicavi, atque in hanc publicam. et auctenticam formam redegi. Signoque et nomine meis solitis et consuetis signavi et [in] fidem et testimonium premissorum rogatus specialiter et requisitus.
Jo. CLERK.
XLII. All the Submissions and Recantations of Thomas Crammer, late Archbishop of Canterbury, truly set forth both in Latin and English, agreeable to the Originals, written and subscribed with his own hand.;
VISUM ET EXAMINATUM PER REVERENDUM PATREM ET DOMINUM,
Dominum Edmundum Episcopum London. Anno MDLVI
- The true copy of the first submission of Thomas Cranmer, late archbishop of Canterbury, which afterward by inconstancy and unstableness he the said Thomas Cranmer did cancel, the original whereof was sent to the queen’s majesty and her privy council, as followeth:
Forasmuch as the king and queen’s majesties, by consent of their parliament, have received the pope’s authority within this realm, I am content to submit myself to their laws herein, and to take the pope for chief head of this church of England, so far as God’s laws and the laws and customs of this realm will permit.
TroMAS CRANMER. 2. The true copy of the second submission of the said Thomas Cranmer, which he the said Thomas did advisedly subscribe with his own hand, and did not afterward revoke it, the original whereof was also sent up to the queen’s majesty and her said council, as before.
I, Thomas Cranmer, doctor in divinity, do submit myself to the catholic church of Christ, and to the pope, supreme head of the same church, and unto the king and the queen’s majesties, and unto all their laws and ordinances.
TroMAs CRANMER. 3. Tertium scriptum Cranmeri sua ipsius manu exaratum, et per eum in Buccardo
exhibitum London’ episcopo
I am content to submit myself to the king and queen’s majesties, and to all their laws and ordinances, as well concerning the pope’s supremacy as others. And I shall from time to time move and stir all other to do the like, to the uttermost of my power, and to live in quietness and obedience unto their majesties, most humbly, without murmur or grudging against any of their godly proceedings. And for my book which I have written, I am contented to submit me to the judgment of the catholic church, and of the next general council.
TuoMAS CRANMER. 4. Quartum scriptum Cranmeri sua ipsius manu exaratum, et per eum in Buccardo
exhibitum London’ episcopo
Be it known by these presents, that I, Thomas Cranmer, doctor of divinity, and late archbishop of Canterbury, do firmly, stedfastly, and assuredly believe in all articles and points of the christian religion and catholic faith, as the catholic church doth believe, and hath ever believed from the beginning. Moreover, as concerning the sacraments of the church, I believe unfeignedly in all points as the said catholic church doth and hath believed from the beginning of christian religion. In witness whereof I have humbly subscribed my hand unto these presents, the xvi. day of February, moLv. [15557]
THOMAS CRANMER. 5. The true copy of a fifth submission of the said Thomas Cranmer, written and subscribed with his own hand in the presence of master Henry Syddall, and of one called Frater Johannes de Villa Garcina, a notable learned man, as followeth.
Eco, Thomas Cranmer, anathematizo omnem Lutheri et Zuinglii hzresim et quodcunque dogma sanz doctrinz contrarium: confiteor vero et credo firmissime unam sanctam [ Vid. Strype’s Eccl. Mem. Vol. III. pt. i. pp. Letters relative to the English Reformation, (Park. 390, et sqq. Ed. Oxon. 1822. —— Also, Sampson’s let- Soc.) p. 173, with the note there; and the quotation
[ter to Bullinger, dated April 6, 1566, in the Original from Todd, infra pp. 567—9.] 36—2]
et catholicam ecclesiam visibilem, extra quam salus non est; atque ejusdem in terris supremum agnosco caput episcopum Romanum, quem fateor summum esse pontificem et papam ac Christi vicarium, cui omnes tenentur subesse fideles. Jam quod ad sacramenta attinet, credo et colo in sacramento eucharistiz:e verum Christi corpus et sanguinem sub speciebus panis et vini verissime citra ullum tropum et figuram contenta, conversis et transubstantiatis pane in corpus et vino in sanguinem Redemptoris divina potentia. Atque in sex aliis sacramentis (sicut in hoc) id credo et teneo quod universa tenet ecclesia ac sentit Romana. Credo insuper purgatorium locum, ubi ad tempus cruciantur defunctorum anime, pro quibus sancte et salubriter orat ecclesia, sicut et sanctos colit, ad illosque preces effundit. Demum in omnibus me profiteor non aliud sentire quam ecclesia catholica et Romana tenet; ac per me poenitet quod aliud unquam tenuerim ac senserim. Deum autem supplex oro, ut pietate sua mihi condonare dignetur, quz in illum et cjus ecclesiam commisi: fideles simul rogo et obsecro, ut pro me preces effundant; eos autem qui meo aut exemplo aut doctrina seducti sunt, per sanguinem Jesu Christi obtestor, ut ad ecclesi: redeant unitatem, idemque dicamus omnes, ut non sint in nobis schismata. Postremo sicut me subjicio catholice Christi ecclesi; ejusdemque supremo capiti, ita me submitto Philippo et Marie Anglie Regibus, atque eorum legibus et decretis, et testor Deum optimum maximumgque, hac in nullius gratiam, nullius metu a me confessa, sed ex animo et libentissime, ut mee et aliorum simul conscientiis consulam et prospiciam.
Per me, Toomam CRANMER.
Testes hujus subscriptionis, Frater Joannes de Villa Garcina.
Henricus Sidallus
6. The true Copy of a Sixth Submission of the said Thomas Cranmer, written and
subscribed with his own hand, as followeth
Eco, Thomas Cranmer, pridem archiepiscopus Cantuarien’, confiteor, et doleo ex animo, quod gravissime deliquerim in colum et adversus Anglicanum regnum, immo in universam Christi ecclesiam, quam longe s@vius persecutus sum quam olim Paulus, qui fui blasphemus, persecutor, et contumeliosus. Atque utinam qui Saulum malitia et scelere superavi, possem cum Paulo quem detraxi honorem Christo et ecclesi: utilitatem recompensare! Verum meum utcunque animum latro ille evangelicus solatur. lle namque tunc tandem ex animo resipuit, tunc illum furti pertesum est, quum furari amplius non liceret: et ego (qui, meo officio et auctoritate abusus, et Christo honorem et huic regno fidem et religionem abstuli) jam tandem Dei maximi beneficio ad me reversus, agnosco me omnium maximum peccatorem, et cupio (si qua possem) Deo primum, deinde ecclesiz, et ejus capiti supremo, atque regibus, toti demum Anglicano regno condignam reddere satisfactionem. — Verum sieut latro ille felix, quum non esset solvendo quas pecunias et opes abstulit (quum nec pes nec manus affixee cruci suum officium facerent) corde et lingua duntaxat (que non erat ligata) testatus est quod reliqua membra essent factura, si eadem qua lingua libertate gauderent; illa confessus est Christum innocentem, ea objurgabat impudentiam socii, eadem anteactam vitam detestatus et peccatorum veniam impetravit, et veluti clavi quadam paradisi fores aperuit: hujus exemplo non mediocrem concipio de Christi misericordia spem, fore ut mihi peccata condonet. Manibus et pedibus careo, quibus quod destruxi iterum rezdificare valeam, (relicta enim sunt tantummodo labia circa dentes meos;) sed vitulos labiorum nostrorum recipiet, qui est supra quam credi possit misericors. Hac igitur concepta spe libet hunc offerre vitulum, hane minimam et corporis et vitae partem litare. Confiteor in primis meam erga Deum opt. max. ingratitudinem, agnosco me omni indignissimum beneficio et pietate, dignissimum vero omni non tantum humano ac temporali, sed divino et @terno supplicio, quod in Henricum VIII. et maxime in ejus uxorem reginam Catherinam vehementissime deliqui, quum divortii causa et auctor extiti: qua sane culpa omnium hujus regni malorum et calamitatum seminarium fuit. Hine tot proborum neces, hine totius regni schisma, hinc h»reses, hinc tot animorum et corporum strages obortz sunt, ut vix possim vel ratione complecti. Sed quum adeo sint hzc gravia initiaque dolorum, aperui fateor ingentem fenestram haeresibus cunctis, quarum ego przecipuum egi doctorem et ducem. In primis vero illud vehementer meum excruciat animum, quod sacrosanctum eucharistize
sacramentum tot blasphemiis et contumeliis affecerim, negans Christi corpus et sanguinem vere et realiter sub speciebus panis et vini contineri; editis etiam libellis, quibus veritatem pro viribus impugnabam: in hac sane parte non solum Saulo et latrone deterior, verum omnium quos terra unquam sustinuit sceleratissimus. Domine, peccavi in coelum et coram te: in coelum, quod mea causa tot caret ccelicolis, quod coeleste hoc beneficium nobis exhibitum negavi impudentissime: peccavi et in terram, quz tamdiu hoc sacramento misere caruit, in homines quos ab hac supersubstantiali esca, revocavi, tot occisor hominum, quot inedia perierunt. Defraudavi defunctorum animas hoc jugi et celeberrimo sacrificio. Atque ex his omnibus manifestum est, quantopere etiam post Christum in ejus viearium injurius extiti, quem libris etiam editis potestate privavi. Propterea magnopere et impensissime oro summum pontificem, ut mihi ob Christi clementiam condonet, qua adversus illum ejusque apostolicam sedem commisi. Ac serenissimos reges Anglie, Hispanie, &c. Philippum et Mariam supplex oro, ut regia qua pollent clementia mihi velint ignoscere: totum etiam regnum, immo universam ecclesiam rogo et obsecro, misereantur hujus miser anime, cui jam przeter linguam nihil est reliquum, quo possim illatas injurias et damna resarcire. Praecipue vero, quia tibi soli peccavi, oro, clemen- tissime Pater, (qui omnes ad te venire, quamlibet facinorosos, et cupis et pracipis,) me propius et cominus digneris intueri, sicut Magdalenam et Petrum respexisti; vel certe sicut latronem ex cruce aspiciens, tua gratie et glori? promissione dignatus es pavidum et trementem animum consolari, ita etiam solita et nativa tua pietate oculos misericordi: ad me convertas, necnon tuo me digneris alloquio, dicens, Salus tua ego sum, et in die mortis, Hodie mecum eris in Paradiso. Seriptum est hoc anno Domini 1555. [1553.7] mensis Martii 18.
Per me, TuoxaAw CRANMER. The Prayer and Saying of Thomas Cranmer, a little before his death, all written
with his own hand, as followetA!
Good christian people, my dear beloved brethren, and my sisters in Christ, I beseech you most heartily to pray for me to Almighty God, that he will forgive me all my sins and offences, which be many without number, and great above measure: but yet one thing grieveth my conscience more than all the rest, whereof, God willing, I intend to speak more hereafter. But how many and how great soever they be, I beseech you to pray God of his mercy to pardon and forgive me all.
O Father of heaven, O Son of God, Redeemer of the world, O Holy Ghost, proceeding from them both, three Persons and one God, have mercy upon me, a most wretched caitiff and miserable sinner. I have offended both heaven and earth, more than my tongue can express. Whither then may I go, or whither shall I flee for succour? To heaven I may be ashamed to lift up mine eyes, and in earth I find no refuge or succour. What shall I then do? Shall I despair? God forbid. O God, thou art merciful, and refusest none that cometh unto thee for succour. To thee, therefore, do I run; to thee do I humble myself, saying, O Lord God, my sins be great, but have mercy upon me for thy great mercy. God was not made man for our small offences. Thou didst not give thy Son unto death for small sins only, but for all and the greatest sins of the world, so that the sinner return to thee in his heart, as I do here at this present. Wherefore have mercy on me, O Lord; for although my sins be great, yet thy mercy is greater. I crave nothing, O Lord, for mine own merits, but for thy name’s sake, that it may be hallowed thereby, and for thy dear Son, Jesus Christ’s sake. And now therefore, O Father, that art in heaven, hallowed be thy name.. Thy kingdom come, &c.
Every man desireth, good people, at the time of their death to give some exhortation, that good folks may remember after their death, and be the better for the same: [! This prayer, &c. will also be found in Vol. I. that the report here printed, as published by Boner, pp. xxvi. et sqq., but it is again inserted here in agrees with Foxe’s account, except in the last para-
[order to give Cawood’s book entire. It will be seen graph and the line immediately preceding it. ]]
so I beseech God grant unto me that I may speak something, whereby he may be glorified, and you edified.
First, it is an heavy case to see how many folks be so much doted of this present world, and be so careful of it, that for the world to come they seem to care very little or nothing. Therefore this shall be my first exhortation, that you set not over much by this present world, but upon the world to come and upon God; and to learn to know what this lesson meaneth of St John. “The love of this world,” saith he, “is hatred unto God.”
The second exhortation is, that, next unto God, you obey your king and queen, willingly and gladly, without murmuring or grudging, not for fear of them, but much more for fear of God, knowing that they be God’s ministers, appointed by God for to govern and rule you; and therefore they that resist them, resist God’s ordinance.
The third exhortation is, that you love together like brethren and sistern. But, alas! pity it is to see how faint this love is, many taking other not as brother and sisters, but rather as strangers or mortal enemies. And yet, I pray you, learn this one lesson, to do good unto all men, as much as in you lieth, and to hurt no man, no more than you would do to your natural loving brother and sister. For whosoever hateth any person, and goeth about maliciously to hurt him, surely, without doubt, God is not with that man, although he think himself never so much in God’s favour.
The fourth exhortation shall be to them that have substance and riches of the world, that they well consider and remember three sayings of the scripture. One is of our Saviour Christ himself, who saith, that rich men hardly come into heaven:” a sore saying, and yet spoken of him that knew the truth. The second is of St John, who saith thus: He that hath the substance of this world, and seeth his brother in necessity, and shutteth up his mercy from him, how can he say that he loveth God?” The third is of St James, who saith to covetous rich men after this manner: Weep and howl, you rich men, for the misery that shall come upon you: your riches do rot, your clothes be moth-eaten, your gold and silver wax cankery and rusty, and their rust shall bear witness against you, and consume you like fire: you make a hoard and treasure of God’s indignation against the last day.” Let them that be rich ponder well these three sentences; for if ever they had occasion to shew their charity, they have it now, the poor people being so many, and victuals so dear.
Here to declare the queen’s just title to the crown.
And now, forasmuch as I am come to the last end of my life, whereupon hangeth all my life past, and all my life to come, either to live with my Saviour Christ for ever in joy, or else to be in pains ever with the wicked devils in hell; and I see before mine eyes presently either heaven ready to receive me, or else hell ready to swallow me up; I shall therefore declare unto you my very faith, without colour or dissimulation; for now is no time to dissemble, whatsoever I have said, preached, or written in time past.
First, I believe in God the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, &c. And I believe every article of the catholic faith, every clause, word, and sentence taught by our Saviour Jesus Christ, his apostles, and prophets, in the new and old Testament, and all articles explicate and set forth in the general councils.
And now I come to the great thing that so much troubleth my conscience, more than any other thing that ever I did; and that is, setting abroad untrue books and writings, contrary to the truth of God’s word; which now I renounce and condemn, and refuse them utterly as erroneous, and for none of mine. But you must know also what books they were, that you may beware of them, or else my conscience is not discharged; for they be the books which I wrote against the sacrament of the altar sith the death of king Henry VIIT. But, whatsoever I wrote then, now is time and place to say truth: wherefore, renouncing all those books, and whatsoever in them is contained, I say and believe that our Saviour Christ Jesu is really and substantially contained in the blessed sacrament of the altar, under the forms of bread and wine.
Ezcusum Londini in edibus Johannis Cawodi Typographi Regie Majestatis. Anno mp.Lvi. Cum prvilegio
[With regard to these recantations of Cranmer, the following extract from Boner’s own Register, fol. 423, utterly overthrows the falsehood set forth in the concluding paragraph:
Notandum est quod dictus Thomas Cranmerus fuit potestea [postea], viz. die Sabbati, xxi die mensis Marcii, anno Domini secundum cursum et computationem ecclesi: Anglicanze millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo sexto, in quodam loco extra muros borealis partis civitatis Oxoniensis, combustus et in cineres concrematus, &c. et quod idem Cranmer tempore ejusdem concremationis, et immediate ante illam suam concremationem, publice revocavit recantationes suas antea per eum factas, persistendo in erroribus et haeresibus suis, &c.”
The extract from Sampson’s letter referred to, p. 563, note, is as follows:
Recantatio quzdam absurda et a papistis conficta coepit eo vivente spargi, quasi ille eam palinodiam cecinisset: sed auctores ipsi eam eo vivo revocarunt, et ille fortiter reclamabat vivens pernegabatque.” Original Letters relating to the English Reformation, (Park. Soc.) Lett. XC. p. 173.
On the whole question Archdeacon Todd writes as follows:
‘The sentence of the Ecclesiastical Court now remained to be executed by the secular power. But ere the order was issued to this purpose (and a few days only passed before it was issued), another trial of his constancy was made, and he sunk under it. With expressions of pity for his situation, but with a design of leading him to recant, some of the principal academics seem to have immediately visited him in prison. He whose deposition is the last of those who were witnesses against him’, is now said to have invited the archbishop to his deanery at Christ Church; but the invitation could not have been accepted till after the 16th of February, as on that day one of his recantations is signed, which appears to have been delivered, as a preceding recantation was, to Boner personally, in the Bocardo prison. “These, in Boner’s narrative of All the Submissions that Cranmer made, are the third and fourth. The first and second will shew how the archbishop hesitated ere he fell Perhaps they were proposed by Thirlby. Before the proceedings on the 14th had ended, they could not have been made. The language of Cranmer was then undauntedly opposed to them. He probably listened at the close of that day to the persuasions of his friend, and signed what by him was hoped might propitiate the queen; of which the copy being seen by others, after it had been dispatched, it was considered not sufficiently explicit, and therefore was followed by the second, without delay we may suppose, retracting what is said in the first. It is remarkable, however, that neither of them is dated.”—Todd’s Life of Archbishop Cranmer, Vol. II. pp. 470-472.
“These papers,” (i. e. the first four recantations attributed to the archbishop,) as might be expected, were not sufficient to satisfy the Romish party. Other concessions must be obtained from their great opponent, they said, by intimidation as well as by artful proposals, and by insidious suggestions. It was immediately after the fourth recantation, I have no doubt, that to the deanery of Christ Church he was conducted for the visit of a few days, to partake of a treacherous hospitality; that there the Spanish friar, John de Villa Garcina, then the Regius Professor of Divinity at Oxford, and Henry Sydall, a canon in the dean’s cathedral, were the principal managers of the allurements and the threats, by which themselves and other Romanists at length subdued him to their purpose. To the king and queen his absolute recantation, these egregious tempters urged, would be highly acceptable. Nor to the lords of the council and other noblemen, they added, who much respected him, could it be less so. “They put him in hope that not only his life might be spared, but that his former dignity might be restored; saying that for such boons it was but a small and easy matter they required of him, his sub-
[! i. e. Dr Marshall. Vid. p. 382, n. 3.]
scription only to a few words in ‘a little leaf of paper, with his own hand; and that then, whether he would have rank or wealth, or would prefer the quietness of private life, his choice might be secured by the regal power; but that if he refused, of pardon there was no hope; for the queen was so purposed that she would have Cranmer a Roman Catholic, or else no Cranmer at all. “To these artifices he yielded; and to the words on the little leaf of paper which they brought, subscribed, as it should seem, in their presence. This recantation,” says Foxe’, was ποῦ so soon conceived, but the doctors and prelates, without delay, caused the same to be imprinted and set abroad in all men’s hands. Whereunto, for better credit, first was added the name of Thomas Cranmer, with a solemn subscription; then followed the witnesses, Henry Sydall and John de Villa Garcina. The privy à; council were displeased at the hasty publication of this paper, and the two printers of it were commanded to deliver all the copies to be burned. It was reserved to be the fifth recantation in Boner’s account, where it appears in Latin, bearing, however, an English title, and has been translated by Foxe.”—lId. Vol. 11. pp. 474-476.
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