The De Sacramento Altaris

William of Ockham — The De Sacramento Altaris of William of Ockham, edited and translated by T. Bruce Birch (Burlington, Iowa: The Lutheran Literary Board, 1930), from the Internet Archive: Birch’s preface and introduction, the English translation of the tract, and Birch’s notes. United States public domain (published 1930).

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Contents (49)

1. Preface
2. Introduction
3. Question I
4. Question II
5. Question III
6. The Introduction to the Tract Concerning the Body of Christ Begins. Prologue
7. Chapter I What the Catholic Doctors Discerned by the Senses Concerning the Reality of the Eucharist
8. Chapter II That the Body of Christ Is Really Contained Under the Species of Bread
9. Chapter III That the Substance of the Bread Is Converted Into the Body of Christ
10. Chapter IV That the Substance of the Bread Is Converted Into the Body of Christ, Not Into the Divinity, or the Rational Soul, or the Blood, or Some Accident of the Substance
11. Chapter V That the Substance of the Bread Does Not Remain After Consecration
12. Chapter VI That the Body of Christ Is Not Circumscribed in a Place in the Sacrament of the Altar
13. Chapter VII That the Body of Christ in the Sacrament of the Altar Is Not Seen by Us With the Bodily Eye
14. Chapter VIII That the Accidents Remaining After Consecration Are Not Subjectively in the Body of Christ
15. Chapter IX That the Quantity, Which Was Before in the Substance of the Bread, Remains
16. Chapter X That the Sensible Qualities Remain
17. Chapter XI That Every Extended Material Substance Is Composed of Substantial Parts Really Distinct
18. Chapter XII That an Absolute Thing Can Be Prior by Divine Power Without a Posterior
19. Chapter XIII That the Omnipotence of God Can Make a Substance Without Any Absolute Accident Formally Inhering in It
20. Chapter XIV That a Substance, Which Is Extended, Can Be Preserved Locally Unmoved, Although All of Its Absolute Accidents May Be Destroyed Through Divine Power
21. Chapter XV That a Material Substance Through Its Intrinsic Parts Is Present in the Place in Which It Is Circumscribed
22. Chapter XVI in Which Certain Arguments Are Advanced to Prove That the Quantity Remaining in the Sacrament of the Altar Is Not Really Distinct From the Qualities Remaining
23. Chapter XVII That Any Quantity Is Not an Absolute Thing Really Distinct From Substance and That Any Quantity Is Not an Absolute Thing Really Distinct From Quality
24. Chapter XVIII. That All the Qualities in the Sacrament of the Altar Are Not One Subject of One Quantity
25. Chapter XIX That Not Any Quality May Be the Immediate Subject of a Quantity
26. Chapter XX That the Quantity Remaining Is Not Subjectively in One Quality and Not in Another
27. Chapter XXI in Which It Is Proved by the Testimony of the Catholic Doctors That Qualities Are Not Subjectively in a Quantity Other Than a Substance
28. Chapter XXII That a Quantity Really Distinct From a Substance May Not Be a Subject of Qualities in the Sacrament of the Altar, Is Also Confirmed Through the Statements of the Philosophers
29. Chapter XXIII That the Quantity Remaining in the Sacrament of the Altar Is Not an Absolute Thing Really Distinct From the Qualities Remaining in the Same Sacrament
30. Chapter XXIV That Before Consecration There Was One Quantity, Which Was Not an Absolute Thing Really Distinct From the Substance of the Bread
31. Chapter XXV That a Substance Can Be a Quantum Without Any Absolute Thing Really Distinct Added to It
32. Chapter XXVI in Which Other Reasons Are Adduced to Prove the Same Conclusion, Which Was Stated Before; Namely, That a Substance Can Be a Quantum Without a Distinct Quantity Added to It
33. Chapter XXVII That the Same Conclusion, Which Was Stated Before, Seems to Follow From the Statements of Adversaries
34. Chapter XXVIII That a Substance May Be a Quantum Through Its Substantial Parts Without Every Quantity Which Is Called a Thing Really Distinct From Substance and Quality
35. Chapter XXIX the Same Conclusion, Which Was Stated Before, Is Proved Through Arguments Taken From the Statements of Catholic Doctors
36. Chapter XXX Concerning Objections Contrary to the Previous Statements
37. Chapter XXXI in Which Replies Are Posited to the Previous Objections
38. Chapter XXXII in Which It Is Shown That Both Propositions Stand at the Same Time; Some Quantity Is Not Another Thing Really Distinct From Substance, and Quantity Is an Accident
39. Chapter XXXIII It Declares How Quantity Is an Accident, and How It Obtains With This, That Some Quantity Is Not a Thing Distinct From Substance
40. Chapter XXXIV in What Way It Must Be Replied to the Passages of Augustine, Introduced Before in Chapter XXX, in the Fourth and the Fifth Arguments
41. Chapter XXXV How Quantity Is a Category Distinct From Quality and Substance; Notwithstanding That No Quantity May Be Distinct From Part of a Thing, From Substance and Quality. In Which There Is a Reply to the Sixth Argument, Showing That Categories Are Signs Predicable of Things
42. Chapter XXXVI That the Previous Opinion Ought Not to Be Rejected as Heretical, Contrary to Certain Writers Who Condemn That Opinion as Heretical; and Through This the Seventh Reason, Adduced Before in Chapter XXX, Is Explained
43. Chapter XXXVII That the Previous Opinion Is Not Contrary to Experience, and the Eighth Reason, Cited Before in Chapter XXX, Is Explained
44. Chapter XXXVIII How All Lengths Are of the Same Species, and How Some Differ in Species; and the Ninth Reason, Adduced in Chapter XXX, Is Explained
45. Chapter XXXIX Concerning a Diverse Mode of Predicating Quantity According to Diverse Categories, Explaining the Tenth Reason Posited Before in Chapter XXX
46. Chapter XL in What Manner Diverse Quantities Can Be Subjectively in a Substance, Since Two Bodies May Not Be Able to Be Naturally at the Same Time; and the Last Reason Is Explained
47. Chapter XLI Concerning the Explanation of Certain Arguments Contrary to the Previous Statement
48. Colophon
49. Notes